VMware 5V0-35.21 VMware vRealize Operations Specialist Exam Practice Test

 The vSphere Solution’s Default Policy is a policy that is automatically created when you add a vCenter Cloud Account to vROps. This policy applies to all the objects that are discovered and collected by the vSphere adapter. The origin of the settings in this policy is the base settings that are provided by the data adapters and solutions installed in vROps. The base settings are a collective group of rules that apply to all objects, regardless of their type or source. The vSphere Solution’s Default Policy inherits all the base settings by default, and you can modify them to suit your specific needs. The default policy setting is not defined by another administrator, nor is it added during the installation of the vROps management pack for vSphere. The settings of this policy are also not defined during the vROps OVF deployment, as they are determined by the data adapters and solutions. References: Default Policy in vRealize Operations, Configure VMware SDDC Benchmarks

Single sign-on (SSO) is typically integrated with vSphere and vRealize Operations Manager to control user access and permissions. By using SSO, the administrator can leverage the existing vSphere permissions to automatically ensure users have appropriate access to vSphere objects within vRealize Operations Manager without having to manage separate permissions or access lists.

To create a capacity policy for a custom group of ESXi clusters with a different CPU allocation model than the default policy, the following steps are required:

• Create a new policy “Database Servers”, and then inherit it from the current default policy. This will create a copy of the default policy that can be customized for the custom group1.
• Edit the new policy under section Groups and Objects, and then select Custom Group “Database Servers”. This will apply the new policy to the custom group and override the default policy for the objects in the group1.
• Edit the new policy under section Capacity, filter object type by custom group “Database Servers”, and then modify Allocation model to 2:1. This will change the CPU allocation model for the custom group to match the requirements2.

References: = 2 Capacity Optimization for Your Managed Environment - VMware Docs, 1 Policies - VMware Docs

To add an additional data node to the existing vRealize Operations cluster, you need to deploy a new data node from the Administration Ul. A data node is a node that collects, stores, processes, and analyzes data from your environment. You can expand an existing installation to add a data node by following these steps1:

• In a Web browser, navigate to the name or IP address of the node that will become the data node. The setup wizard appears, and you do not need to log in to vRealize Operations.
• Click Expand an Existing Installation.
• Click Next.
• Enter a name for the node (for example, Data-1).
• From the Node Type drop-down, select Data.
• Enter the FQDN or IP address of the primary node and click Validate.
• Select Accept this certificate and click Next.
• Verify the vRealize Operations administrator username of admin.
• Enter the vRealize Operations administrator password.
• Click Next, and click Finish.

The other options are not correct because they do not deploy a new data node from the Administration Ul. Option A is incorrect because cloning an existing data node is not supported and may cause data inconsistency. Option C is incorrect because deploying a new virtual appliance from an OVF file is not enough to add a data node to the cluster. You still need to configure the node type and join the cluster from the Administration Ul. Option D is incorrect because enabling High Availability in the Administration Ul does not add a data node to the cluster. It only creates a replica of the primary node for failover purposes. References: Expand an Existing Installation to Add a Data Node

According to the vRealize Operations User Guide1, the Business Intent option allows the administrator to configure vRealize Operations to ensure that workload performanceacross the VMware SDDC is the main priority. The Business Intent option enables the administrator to define the performance, efficiency, and consolidation goals for the clusters and hosts in the SDDC, and to specify the maximum amount of cluster resources to be reserved for burst capacity. The vRealize Operations then uses these goals to optimize the placement and balance of the workloads, and to perform automated remediation actions in the event of an issue. The other options are not correct because:

• The Reclamation option allows the administrator to configure vRealize Operations to identify and reclaim unused or overprovisioned resources in the SDDC, such as CPU, memory, disk space, and snapshots. This option does not directly affect the workload performance or remediation activities1.
• The Operational Intent option allows the administrator to configure vRealize Operations to monitor and alert on the operational health and risk of the SDDC components, such as clusters, hosts, datastores, and virtual machines. This option does not directly affect the workload placement, balance, or remediation activities1.
• The Rightsizing option allows the administrator to configure vRealize Operations to analyze and recommend the optimal CPU, memory, and disk size for the virtual machines in the SDDC, based on their actual utilization and demand. This option does not directly affect the workload performance or remediation activities1. References: 1: vRealize Operations User Guide, pages 63-66.

• SSH enabled on an ESXi host (Option C) can be a security concern if not properly managed, as it can provide broad access to the host.
• A connected Floppy drive (Option D) can be a risk as it could be used to introduce unauthorized data or software into the VM.
• Allowing Promiscuous Mode (Option F) on a Distributed Port Group can be a security risk as it allows all virtual machines connected to the port group to see all network traffic, which is generally not recommended in secure environments.

According to the VMware vRealize Operations Install and Configure Guide1, when upgrading the vRealize Operations cluster via the Administration UI, the cluster status should change from offline to online after the upgrade process is completed. However, if the cluster status remains offline or fails during the upgrade, the administrator can use the Finish Installation option to resume the upgrade process. The Finish Installation option attempts to bring the cluster online and complete the upgrade. The administrator can monitor the progress of the upgrade from the Administration UI or the Cluster Management page.

The other options are not suitable for managing this problem and continuing the installation process. The Rollback Installation option is used to revert the cluster to the previous version of vRealize Operations, not to resume the upgrade process. The Rollback Installation option is only available if the cluster is online and the upgrade has failed. The administrator should not manually take the cluster offline, as this would interrupt the upgrade process and cause data loss or corruption. References:

• 1: VMware vRealize Operations Install and Configure Guide, https://docs.vmware.com/en/vRealize-Operations/8.5/vrealize-operations-manager-85-installation-and-configuration-guide.pdf, page 54-55, 58-59

Management packs in VMware vRealize Operations provide capability for expanding the monitoring, troubleshooting, and remediation functionality of SDDC and third party solutions. Administrators can install and configure management packs in a vRealize Operations instance. You can download Management Packs and End Point Operations Plug-Ins for vRealize Operations from VMware Marketplace1. For detailed information on installing and configuring the Management Pack, refer to the related user guide2. References: 1: Management Packs for vRealize Operations Documentation 2: List of Management Packs

According to the VMware vRealize Operations Reference Materials, the purpose of the self-provider option within the dashboard definition is to indicate whether objects appearing in the widget are defined in the widget or are provided by another widget source. The self-provider option is a checkbox that can be enabled or disabled for each widget in a dashboard. When the self-provider option is enabled, it means that the widget has its own object selector, and the user can choose the objects to display in the widget from the available inventory. When the self-provider option is disabled, it means that the widget does not have its own object selector, and the objects to display in the widget are provided by another widget in the same dashboard. For example, a widget that shows the metrics of a selected object can be configured as a non-self-provider, and it can receive the object selection from another widget that shows the list of objects. The other options are incorrect because they are either false or irrelevant. The self-provider option does not affect the refresh content setting, the custom set of metrics, or the automatic refreshing of the data in the widget display. These are separate settings that can be configured for each widget independently of the self-provider option. References: Create a Dashboard; Widget Configuration; Dashboard Interactions

The nature of this change is that the administrator will now be able to complete tasks associated with remediation actions, such as executing actions on alerts, recommendations, or symptoms. This is because the PowerUser role includes all the privileges of the PowerUserMinusRemediation role, plus the privileges to perform remediation actions. The PowerUserMinusRemediation role is a predefined role that has all the privileges of the Administrator role except for user management, cluster management, and remediation actions. The PowerUser role is a predefined role that has all the privileges of the Administrator role except for user management and cluster management. Therefore, by adding the PowerUser role to the administrator’s user account, the helpdesk team has granted the administrator the additional privilege to perform remediation actions. The administrator will not be able to perform cluster management tasks or user management tasks, as these privileges are not included in the PowerUser role or the PowerUserMinusRemediation role. The administrator will not remain unable to complete tasks associated with remediation actions, as this privilege is included in the PowerUser role. References: Roles and Privileges in vRealize Operations, section “Roles and Privileges in vRealize Operations”. vRealize Operations Manager User Guide, section “Create and Configure Dashboards”.

According to the VMware vRealize Operations Reference Materials, two of the public cloud providers that are supported out-of-the-box in vRealize Operations What-If planning for public cloud costs are Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud. The What-If planning feature allows the administrator to compare the cost of running workloads in different public cloud providers, such as AWS, IBM Cloud, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud, and Alibaba Cloud. The administrator can select the public cloud provider, the region, and the instance type, and then run the scenario to see the estimated monthly cost for the selected workloads. The administrator can also compare up to three public cloud providers at a time. The other options are incorrect because they are not supported out-of-the-box in vRealize Operations What-If planning for public cloud costs. Salesforce Cloud and Oracle Cloud are not among the public cloud providers that are available by default in vRealize Operations. However, the administrator can create a custom public cloud provider and upload a rate card to include them in the What-If planning. Alibaba Cloud is supported out-of-the-box in vRealize Operations What-If planning for public cloud costs, but it is not one of the correct answers, as only two options are required. References: What-If-Analysis - Migration Planning: Public Cloud; VMware vRealize Operations What-If Analysis; VMware vRealize Operations for Public Cloud

 vRealize Operations provides two types of pricing cards, cost-based and rate-based, to calculate the price associated with your virtual infrastructure. You can assign pricing cards to vCenters or Clusters, depending on the pricing strategy determined by vRealize Operations administrator. The pricing cards help you to set the price for each resource present in your virtual environment. You can customize the pricing card as per your requirement.

• Cost-based pricing card: A cost-based pricing card calculates the price based on the cost of the resources defined in vRealize Operations. You can specify a multiplication factor for each resource type, such as CPU, memory, storage, etc., to adjust the price according to your business needs. The price equation using cost is:  x = Price
• Rate-based pricing card: A rate-based pricing card calculates the price based on the rate of the resources defined by you. You can specify a rate for each resource type, such as CPU, memory, storage, etc., in terms of units, such as MHz, GB, etc. You can also specify the charging period and the power state for each resource type.The price equation using rate is:  x = Price

References: Pricing Overview; Add New Pricing Card

 Alert recommendations are the remediation options that you provide to your users toresolve the problems that the generated alert indicates. When you add an alert definition that indicates a problem with objects in your monitored environment, add a relevant recommendation. Recommendations can be instructions to your users, links to other information or instruction sources, or vRealize Operations actions that run on the target systems1. Alert recommendations are not always linked to a Knowledge Base article, and they can be created or modified by the user2. References: 1: Defining Alerts in vRealize Operations 2: User Scenario: Monitor and Process Alerts in vRealize Operations Manager

 To estimate the monthly cost of running workloads in IBM Cloud, the administrator can use the What-If Analysis feature of vRealize Operations, which allows forecasting the impact of migrating a workload to a public cloud instance such as AWS, IBM Cloud, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud or to VMware Cloud on AWS1. The administrator can select the Migration Planning option and choose IBM Cloud as the target cloud provider. Then, the administrator can import the existing VMs that support the business-critical applicationfrom the custom group in vRealize Operations and select all machines to be included in the scenario. Finally, the administrator can run the scenario and get the vRealize Operations analysis and assessment of the plan, which includes the cost and capacity information for the IBM Cloud region2. References: 1: What-If Analysis - Migration Planning: Public Cloud 2: Migration Planning

To discover custom application services running on virtual machines, the administrator needs to install the vRealize Operations Service Discovery Management Pack1. This management pack enables service and application discovery using the Service Discovery adapter, which leverages the Telegraf agent to collect data from the end point VMs2. The administrator can configure the Service Discovery adapter to discover predefined and custom applications and services, and view their relationships and metrics in vRealize Operations3. The administrator can also create custom application definitions based on object names, tags, or properties, and import them as XML files. Configuring a white list is not a valid option, as it is used to filter out unwanted services from discovery. References: 1: vRealize Operations Service Discovery Management Pack - VMware Docs(https://docs.vmware.com/en/vRealize-Operations/8.6/com.vmware.vcom.core.doc/GUID-B9095E9B-7F10-4B2F-95A9-3D54CF5038FF.html)  2: Service and Application Discovery - VMware Docs(https://docs.vmware.com/en/vRealize-Operations/8.10/com.vmware.vcom.core.doc/GUID-CC683117-D936-432C-B30B-CCCA08E863FB.html)  3: Configure Service and Application Discovery - VMware Docs(https://developer.vmware.com/apis/579/vra-advanced-designer/) : Create Application Definition - VMware Docs : Configure White List - VMware Docs

 To add a custom metric configuration file to a scoreboard widget in a dashboard, the correct process is to create a metric file in XML format, set the scoreboard widget Self Provider to Off, and create a widget interaction with a provider widget. A custom metric configuration file is a file that defines the metrics that the scoreboard widget displays for different object types. The file must be in XML format and follow a specific schema. The file must be uploaded to the vRealize Operations server and selected in the Metric Configuration option of the scoreboard widget. The Self Provider option determines whether the widget shows metrics of the objects selected during editing of the widget or selected on another widget. When the Self Provider option is set to Off, the widget shows metrics of the objects selected on another widget. The widget interaction is a mechanism that allows widgets to communicate with each other and pass data. A provider widget is a widget that provides data to another widget. A receiving widget is a widget that receives data from another widget. To create a widget interaction, the administrator must edit the dashboard and select the provider widget and the receiving widget, and then configure the interaction type and the data to pass. By creating a widget interaction with a provider widget, the administrator can enable the scoreboard widget to display the custom metrics for the objects selected on the provider widget. References: How the Scoreboard Widget and Configuration Options Work; Question on How to Scoreboard Dashboard - Metric Configuration XML - Max & Avg Metric Values; Dashboard widget can set default metric key

The Object List widget (A) is used to select objects. Once an object is selected, the Object Relationship widget (D, E) shows the relationship map of this selected object. To fulfill the requirement that the Alert List widget (F, G, H) should only show the active alerts for the selected object, the selection output of the Object List widget must be connected to both the Object Relationship and Alert List widgets.

Thus, you need to connect the output of the Object List widget (point B) to the input of the Object Relationship widget (point E), and also to the input of the Alert List widget (point G). This setup ensures that selecting an object in the Object List widget will update both the Object Relationship map and the Alert List with the relevant information for the selected object.

According to the VMware vRealize Operations Reference Materials, the Custom Script option in vRealize Operations is able to calculate measurements on a Guest OS. The Custom Script option allows the administrator to run a script on the Guest OS of a virtual machine and collect the output as a metric. The script can be written in any language that is supported by the Guest OS, such as PowerShell, Bash, or Python. The script can perform any calculation or operation that is required by the administrator, such as checking the CPU load, memory usage, disk space, or application status. The script output can be numeric or text, and it can be displayed in a dashboard, alert, or report. The other options, such as HTTP Check, UDP Check, or TCP Check, are not able to calculate measurements on a Guest OS. They are used to monitor the availability and response time of a web service, a UDP port, or a TCP port, respectively. They do not run any script on the Guest OS, nor do they collect any metric from the Guest OS. References: Custom Script; How to build a per-guest filesystem report in vRealize Operations using the ‘Breakdown By’ feature; How to Get In-Guest Metrics in vRealize Operations for Horizon 6

 According to the vRealize Operations Sizing Guidelines, the supported node configurations during installation are Large, Very Large, and Medium. These are the default configurations that VMware offers based on the number of objects and metrics to be monitoredby vRealize Operations. Each configuration has a different amount of vCPU, memory, disk space, and network requirements. The administrator can choose the configuration that best suits the existing infrastructure and the expected growth of the environment1.

The other options are not supported node configurations during installation. Tiny and Small are not valid configurations for vRealize Operations 8.x and later versions. These configurations were available for vRealize Operations 6.x and 7.x versions, but they are not recommended for production environments due to their limited capacity and performance2. No limit is not a configuration option, but a statement that indicates that there is no upper limit on the number of nodes that can be added to a vRealize Operations cluster. However, the number of nodes depends on the node configuration, the network latency, and the data source type3.

References: 1: vRealize Operations 8.0.x Sizing Guidelines (75162) - VMware 2: vRealize Operations Manager 7.5 Sizing Guidelines (67752) 3: vRealize Operations 8 - VMware Docs

 The option within the What-If Analysis feature that should be used to obtain the information is Workload Planning: Traditional. This option allows the administrator to define scenarios that can potentially add or remove workloads to or from actual data centers orcustom data centers. vRealize Operations models the scenario and calculates whether the desired workload can fit in the targeted data center or custom data center, and how it affects the capacity and performance of the cluster1. The administrator can also specify the profile of the workload, the start and end date of the scenario, and the annual projected growth of the workload2.

The other options are not correct, because they do not match the use case of adding virtual machines to a non-hyperconverged cluster. Cluster Planning: Traditional allows the administrator to define scenarios that can potentially add or remove hosts to or from clusters, and evaluate the impact on the cluster capacity and performance3. Virtual Machine Planning: Traditional allows the administrator to define scenarios that can potentially add or remove virtual machines to or from hosts, and evaluate the impact on the host capacity and performance. Infrastructure Planning: Traditional allows the administrator to define scenarios that can potentially add or remove infrastructure components, such as datastores, networks, or adapters, and evaluate the impact on the infrastructure capacity and performance.

References:

• What-If Analysis - Workload Planning: Traditional - VMware Docs
• What-If Analysis with vRealize Operations 8.0 - VMware Blogs
• What-If Analysis - Cluster Planning: Traditional - VMware Docs
• [What-If Analysis - Virtual Machine Planning: Traditional - VMware Docs]
• [What-If Analysis - Infrastructure Planning: Traditional - VMware Docs]

 A vRealize Operations cluster in a Continuous Availability configuration consists of three node types: primary node, primary replica node, and witness node. These node types are deployed across two fault domains, which are separate physical locations that can tolerate failures of an entire rack or site. The witness node is deployed in a third location to monitor the network connectivity between the two fault domains and prevent split-brain scenarios1.

The primary node is the first node that is deployed in the cluster and acts as the master node. It is responsible for managing the cluster configuration, user interface, alerting, and reporting. The primary node is deployed in fault domain 11.

The primary replica node is the second node that is deployed in the cluster and acts as the backup node for the primary node. It is responsible for replicating and synchronizing the data and configuration from the primary node. The primary replica node can take over the functions of the primary node in case of a failure. The primary replica node is deployed in fault domain 21.

The witness node is the third node that is deployed in the cluster and acts as the arbitrator node. It is responsible for monitoring the network connectivity and availability of the primary node and the primary replica node. The witness node can detect a split-brain situation, which occurs when the network connection between the two fault domains is lost and both nodes assume the role of the master node. The witness node can resolve the split-brain situation by making one of the nodes offline to avoid data inconsistency. The witness node is deployed in a third location that is independent of the two fault domains1.

The other options are not node types that are configured in a Continuous Availability configuration. A secondary node is a node that is added to the cluster to increase the capacity and performance of the cluster. A secondary node can be deployed in either fault domain, but it is not required for Continuous Availability1. A remote collector node is a node that is deployed outside the cluster to collect data from remote or isolated data sources. A remote collector node can be deployed in any location, but it is not part of the Continuous Availability configuration2. A secondary replica node is not a valid node type in vRealize Operations.

References: 1: About vRealize Operations Continuous Availability 2: Remote Collector Nodes

vRealize Operations Manager supports various notification methods out of the box, including email notifications and integration with third-party systems. Microsoft Teams is one of the platforms supported for notifications, allowing for alerts and updates fromvRealize Operations Manager to be directly sent to a Microsoft Teams channel. This integration facilitates real-time alerting and collaboration within IT teams. However, options like SMS and Slack might require additional third-party plugins or integrations and are not natively supported as out-of-the-box notification types. Remedy, being an IT service management tool, can be integrated but is not a direct notification type.

The three main categories for reclamation that are available to the administrator in the Reclaim view on the Home Screen navigation are orphaned disks, snapshots, and powered off VMs. The Reclaim view is a feature of vRealize Operations that allows the administrator to identify and reclaim the wasted or unused resources in the environment, such as storage, CPU, and memory1. The Reclaim view shows the potential savings and the actions that can be taken to reclaim the resources for each category. The orphaned disks category shows the virtual disks that are not associated with any virtual machine, and that can be deleted to free up storage space2. The snapshots category shows the snapshots that are older than a specified age, and that can be deleted to free up storage space and improve performance3. The powered off VMs category shows the virtual machines that are powered off for more than a specified period, and that can be deleted or archived to free up storage, CPU, and memory resources4. The unused datastores category (option A) is not a main category for reclamation that is available in the Reclaim view, as it is not a source of wasted or unused resources. The unused datastores are datastores that are not used by any virtual machine or host, and that can be removed from the inventory or assigned to other objects5. The VM disks utilized %10 or less category (option E) is not a main category for reclamation that is available in the Reclaim view, as it is not a source of wasted or unused resources. The VM disks utilized %10 or less are virtual disks that have low utilization, and that can be resized to reduce the allocated storage space6. The unused hosts category (option F) is not a main category for reclamation that is available in the Reclaim view, as it is not a source of wasted or unused resources. The unused hosts are hosts that are not used by any virtual machine or cluster, and that can be removed from the inventory or assigned to other objects. References:

• 1: vRealize Operations Manager User Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 77.
• 2: vRealize Operations Manager User Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 78.
• 3: vRealize Operations Manager User Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 79.
• 4: vRealize Operations Manager User Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 80.
• 5: vRealize Operations Manager User Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 81.
• 6: vRealize Operations Manager User Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 82.
• [7]: vRealize Operations Manager User Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 83.

 To configure vRealize Operations cost drivers to assign a different cost per GB for different storage tiers, the administrator should use a vSphere tag category, assign different tag values for that category to the different tiers in the vSphere client, and then assign different costs per GB for each tag value. This is because vRealize Operations uses vSphere tags to identify the storage tiers and apply the corresponding cost drivers. vSphere tags are metadata that can be attached to objects in the vSphere inventory, such as datastores, clusters, hosts, VMs, etc. A vSphere tag category is a logical grouping of tags that share a common characteristic, such as storage tier, license type, backup policy, etc. A vSphere tag value is a specific label within a category that can be assigned to one or more objects, such as Tier 1, Tier 2, Tier 3, etc. By using a vSphere tag category and tag values for storage tiers, the administrator can easily classify the datastores into different tiers based on their performance, availability, or other criteria. Then, the administrator can assign different costs per GB for each tag value in vRealize Operations, which will reflect the different storagebase rates for each tier. This way, the administrator can achieve a granular and accurate cost visibility and analysis for the storage resources in vRealize Operations. References: Overview of Cost Drivers; VM Cost with VMware vRealize Operations; Using Tags to Organize Your Inventory

 The scoreboard widget configuration option that possibly caused this problem is Self Provider set to On. The Self Provider option determines whether the widget shows metrics of the objects selected during editing of the widget or selected on another widget. When the Self Provider option is set to On, the widget shows metrics of the objects selected during editing of the widget. When the Self Provider option is set to Off, the widget shows metrics of the objects selected on another widget. Therefore, if the administrator wants to enable a custom metric configuration file to a scoreboard widget in a dashboard, and the custom metrics are defined for a specific object type, the administrator should set the Self Provider option to Off and select the appropriate object type on another widget. Otherwise, the scoreboard widget will not show the new metrics at all, because the custom metric configuration file will not match the object type selected during editing of the widget. References: How the Scoreboard Widget and Configuration Options Work; Solved: How to configure Generic Scoreboard widget to interact with…

• What-If Analysis is a feature of vRealize Operations that allows you to plan for an increase or decrease in workload or capacity requirements in your virtual infrastructure. You can use What-If Analysis to evaluate the demand and supply for capacity on your resources, and to assess the potential risk to your current capacity. You can create scenarios for adding and removing workloads, hosts, clusters, or datastores, and see the impact on the time remaining and capacity remaining scores12.
• Time remaining and capacity remaining are two metrics that measure the available capacity in your environment. Time remaining is the estimated time until a resource runs out of capacity based on the current utilization and growth trends. Capacity remaining is the percentage of unused capacity that is available for future growth. Both metrics are calculated for CPU, memory, disk space, and network bandwidth resources34.
• By using What-If Analysis, you can accomplish the goal of determining how many more ESXi servers are needed to increase the time remaining and capacity remaining scores. You can create a scenario for adding ESXi servers to a cluster or a datacenter, and specify the number, type, and configuration of the servers. You can then see the projected time remaining and capacity remaining scores for the cluster or the datacenter after adding the servers. You can also compare the results with the current scores and the recommended scores. You can adjust the number of servers until you reach the desired scores5 .

References:

1: What-If Analysis: Modeling Workload, Capacity, or Migration Planning 2: Create a What-If Scenario 3: [Capacity Overview - VMware Docs] 4: [Time Remaining and Capacity Remaining Metrics] 5: [Add Hosts to a Cluster or Datacenter Scenario] : [View the Results of a What-If Scenario] : vRealize Operations Manager User Guide : vRealize Operations Manager Installation and Configuration Guide : [vRealize Operations Manager Concepts Guide] : [vRealize Operations Manager Administration Guide] : [vRealize Operations Manager Customization and Extensibility Guide] : [vRealize Operations Manager Troubleshooting Guide] : [vRealize Operations Manager API Programming Guide] : [vRealize Operations Manager Certification Exam Guide]

 vRealize Operations provides out-of-the-box compliance packs for various regulatory and standards-based benchmarks, such as PCI, HIPAA, DISA, CIS, and more1. These compliance packs help you assess and report the compliance status of your environment against the best practices and requirements defined by these benchmarks. You can also customize the compliance packs to suit your specific needs or create your own compliance packs2. Among the options given, PCI and HIPAA are the valid out-of-the-box compliance packs available in vRealize Operations. PCI is a compliance pack that helps you ensure the security of cardholder data in your environment3. HIPAA is a compliance pack that helps you protect the privacy and security of health information in your environment. The other options, GDPR, ISO 27017, and FedRAMP, are not out-of-the-box compliance packs in vRealize Operations, although you can create your own compliance packs for them ifneeded. References: 1: Compliance Overview - VMware Docs(https://docs.vmware.com/en/Management-Packs-for-vRealize-Operations/index.html)  2: Compliance Pack Management - VMware Docs(https://docs.vmware.com/en/Management-Packs-for-vRealize-Operations/1.0/Compliance-Pack-for-VMware-Sovereign-Cloud/GUID-3DF17387-8399-444F-BD4B-0F2EA9161532.html)  3: PCI Compliance Pack - VMware Docs(https://www.vmware.com/content/dam/digitalmarketing/vmware/en/pdf/products/vmware-vrealize-operations-8.2-datasheet.pdf) : HIPAA Compliance Pack - VMware Docs

According to the VMware vRealize Operations User Guide1, a Super Metric is a custom metric that is derived from one or more existing metrics. A Super Metric can be used to calculate complex formulas, aggregate data across multiple objects, or create new metrics that are not available by default. A Super Metric can be created using the Super Metric Editor in vRealize Operations.

However, before a Super Metric’s data collection may begin, the Super Metric must be enabled in a policy. A policy is a set of rules and settings that determine how vRealize Operations analyzes and manages the objects in the environment. A policy can be applied to one or more object types or groups. To enable a Super Metric in a policy, the administrator must edit the policy, select the Collect Metrics and Properties option, and then select the Super Metric from the list of available metrics. The administrator can also specify the collection level, collection interval, and retention period for the Super Metric.

The other options are not required before a Super Metric’s data collection may begin. Enabling in Alerts, Object Types, or Objects are not necessary steps for collecting Super Metric data. These options are used for different purposes, such as creating alert definitions, defining object relationships, or assigning policies to individual objects. References:

• 1: VMware vRealize Operations User Guide, https://docs.vmware.com/en/vRealize-Operations/8.5/vrealize-operations-manager-85-user-guide.pdf, page 35-36, 39-40, 43-44

 The alert action that the administrator should take to stop the alert from triggering again, unless the problem occurs in the future, is to cancel the alert. Canceling the alert removes the alert from the active alerts list and stops the alert from affecting the state of the object. However, canceling the alert does not resolve the underlying conditions that triggered the alert. Therefore, the administrator should only cancel the alert after investigating and resolving the problem. If the problem occurs again in the future, the alert will be triggered again. To cancel an alert, the administrator can select the alert in the alerts list, click Actions, and click Cancel Alert. Alternatively, the administrator can open the alert details, click Actions, and click Cancel Alert. References: Monitoring Alerts in vRealize Operations Manager; User Scenario: Respond to an Alert in the Health Alert List

vRealize Operations provides the following three key benefits within an environment:

• Capacity optimization: vRealize Operations helps you optimize the capacity of your infrastructure and applications by providing visibility, analysis, planning, and automation. You can monitor and forecast the demand, supply, and utilization of resources, identify and reclaim unused or overprovisioned resources, balance the workload across clusters and datastores, and plan for future growth or consolidation scenarios. You can also automate the capacity optimization actions based on policies and alerts.
• Performance optimization: vRealize Operations helps you optimize the performance of your infrastructure and applications by providing real-time and historical metrics, alerts, dashboards, and reports. You can monitor and troubleshoot the health, risk, and efficiency of your environment, identify and resolve performance issues, analyze the root cause and impact of problems, and optimize the configuration and placement of your workloads. You can also automate the performance optimization actions based on policies and alerts.
• Monitoring and troubleshooting: vRealize Operations helps you monitor and troubleshoot your environment by providing comprehensive and integrated visibility across physical, virtual, and cloud infrastructures. You can collect and analyze data from various sources, such as vSphere, NSX, vSAN, Kubernetes, AWS, Azure, etc., and correlate them to provide a unified view of your environment. You can also leverage artificial intelligence and machine learning to detect anomalies, generate smart alerts, and provide recommendations. You can also use various tools, such as dashboards, heat maps, topology maps, logs, etc., to drill down into the details and resolve issues faster.

References: vRealize Operations Overview; vRealize Operations Cloud for Service Providers; What’s New in vRealize Operations 8.6

The configuration that was sized using the vROps sizing tool is High Availability. High Availability is a feature of vRealize Operations that allows the cluster to tolerate the failure of one or more nodes, and to ensure the continuity and availability of the vRealize Operations services1. High Availability can be enabled or disabled in the Admin UI of vRealize Operations, and it requires at least two nodes in the cluster2. The vROps sizing tool is a web-based tool that helps the administrator to estimate the size and the resources needed for a vRealize Operations deployment, based on the number and the type of the objects to be monitored3. The vROps sizing tool provides different sizing options, such as Extra Large, Large, Medium, Small, and Extra Small, and shows the specifications and the costs for each option. The vROps sizing tool also allows the administrator to select the configuration mode, such as High Availability, Continuous Availability, Stretched Cluster, or Fault Tolerance, and shows the impact of the mode on the sizing and the resources4. The image that was sent with the question shows the output of the vROps sizing tool, with the configuration mode set to High Availability. The image shows the recommended size as Medium, with 2 nodes, 5564 metrics, and 980812 properties. The image also shows the other sizing options, such as Extra Large, Large, Small, and Extra Small, with their respective specifications and costs. Therefore, the configuration that was sized using the vROps sizing tool is High Availability. Continuous Availability (option B) is not the correct answer, as it is a different configuration mode that allows the cluster to tolerate the failure of an entire site, and to ensure the zero data loss and the near-zero downtime of the vRealize Operations services5. Continuous Availability requires at least four nodes in the cluster, and it uses synchronous replication between the sites. The image does not show the configuration mode as Continuous Availability, nor the number of nodes as four. Stretched Cluster (option C) is not the correct answer, as it is a different configuration mode that allows the cluster to span across two sites, and to ensure the load balancing and the disaster recovery of the vRealize Operations services. Stretched Cluster requires at least four nodes in the cluster, and it uses asynchronous replication between the sites. The image does not show the configuration mode as Stretched Cluster, nor the number of nodes as four. Fault Tolerance (option D) is not the correct answer, as it is not a configuration mode that is supported by vRealize Operations. Fault Tolerance is a feature of vSphere that provides continuous availability for a virtual machine by creating and maintaining a secondary virtual machine that is identical to the primary virtual machine. Fault Tolerance is not applicable to vRealize Operations, as it does not support the clustering and the scalability of the vRealize Operations nodes. References:

• 1: vRealize Operations Manager Installation and Configuration Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 12.
• 2: vRealize Operations Manager Installation and Configuration Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 13.
• 3: vRealize Operations Manager Installation and Configuration Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 15.
• 4: vRealize Operations Manager Sizing - VMware, VMware, 2021, 1.
• 5: vRealize Operations Manager Installation and Configuration Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 14.
• [6]: vRealize Operations Manager Installation and Configuration Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 16.
• [7]: vRealize Operations Manager Installation and Configuration Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 14.
• [8]: vRealize Operations Manager Installation and Configuration Guide, VMware, 2021, p. 17.
• [9]: vSphere Availability, VMware, 2021, p. 9.

According to the VMware vRealize Operations Cloud Cost Management Guide1, cost drivers are the factors that influence the cost of running a service or a resource. Cost drivers can be based on various parameters, such as hardware, software, labor, power, cooling, etc. Cost drivers can be configured in vRealize Operations to reflect the actual costs of the monitored environment and to generate accurate cost reports and analysis.

One of the types of cost drivers that can be configured in vRealize Operations is Server Hardware. This cost driver allows the administrator to specify the purchase price and date of the physical servers that host the virtual machines. The purchase price and date are used to calculate the depreciation and the residual value of the servers over time. The Server Hardware cost driver has three sub-types: Traditional, Hyper-Converged, and Cloud. Each sub-type has different options and calculations for the cost driver.

The Traditional sub-type is used for servers that have separate storage devices, such as SAN or NAS. The Hyper-Converged sub-type is used for servers that have integrated storage devices, such as vSAN. The Cloud sub-type is used for servers that are hosted by a cloud provider, such as AWS or Azure.

Therefore, the correct answer is A. Server Hardware: Hyper-Converged, as this is the type of cost driver that should be selected by the administrator to configure the cost of the nodes within the VMware vSAN cluster that are being monitored. References:

• 1: VMware vRealize Operations Cloud Cost Management Guide, https://docs.vmware.com/en/vRealize-Operations/8.5/vrealize-operations-manager-85-cloud-cost-management-guide.pdf, page 9-10, 15-16

According to the VMware vRealize Operations Reference Materials, the High Availability feature in vRealize Operations cluster must be used for this requirement. The High Availability feature enables the cluster to tolerate one node failure without losing any data or functionality. The High Availability feature works by creating a replica node for each data node in the cluster, and synchronizing the data between them. The replica node acts as a standby node that can take over the role of the data node in case of a failure. The replica node can also serve as a load balancer to distribute the workload among the data nodes. The other options are incorrect because they do not meet the requirement or they are not supported by vRealize Operations. The Remote Collector option is not a cluster feature, but a type of node that can be used to collect data from remote sources and forward it to the cluster. The Remote Collector node does not store any data or perform any analysis, and it cannot replace a data node in case of a failure. The Continuous Availability option is a cluster feature that enables the cluster to tolerate multiple node failures without losing any data or functionality. However, the Continuous Availability feature requires at least two physical locations, and it is not supported for a single location. The Stretched Cluster option is not a cluster feature, but a configuration that allows a cluster to span across two physical locations. The Stretched Cluster option can provide high availability and disaster recovery, but it also requires additional network and storage configuration, and it is not supported for a single location. References: vRealize Operations Cluster and Node Maintenance; Adding High Availability to vRealize Operations; Adding Continuous Availability; Stretched Cluster

According to the VMware vRealize Operations User Guide1, an automated action is a predefined or custom action that can be executed automatically when an alert is triggered. An automated action can help to resolve or prevent the problem that caused the alert, or to notify the relevant stakeholders. To allow an automated action to be triggered from an alert, two conditions must be met:

• Within the active policy, the alert definition’s automated setting must be set to enabled. This allows the alert definition to trigger automated actions when the alert criteria are met. By default, the automated setting is disabled for all alert definitions, and must be manually enabled by the administrator.
• The alert must have a recommendation attached to it. A recommendation is a suggested action that can help to resolve or prevent the problem that triggered the alert. A recommendation can include a link to a related topic in the documentation or an external URL. A recommendation can also be associated with an automated action, which can be executedby the system or by the user. An alert definition can have one or more recommendations, but only one of them can be associated with an automated action.

Therefore, the correct answers are B. Within the active policy, the alert definition’s automated setting must be set to enabled. and E. The alert must have a recommendation attached to it, as these are the two conditions that must be met to allow an automated action to be triggered from an alert. References:

• 1: VMware vRealize Operations User Guide, https://docs.vmware.com/en/vRealize-Operations/8.5/vrealize-operations-manager-85-user-guide.pdf, page 21-22, 25-26, 29-30

According to the VMware vRealize Operations User Guide1, an alert is a notification that indicates a potential or existing problem in the monitored environment. An alert consists of the following components:

• Threshold: A value that defines the normal range of a metric or property. When the value exceeds or falls below the threshold, a symptom is generated.
• Symptom: A condition that indicates a deviation from the normal behavior of an object. A symptom can be based on a metric, a property, a message, or a fault. A symptom can be associated with one or more alert definitions.
• Alert definition: A rule that defines the criteria and the severity for generating an alert. An alert definition specifies the symptoms, the impacted object types, the alert type, and the alert sub-type.
• Recommendation: A suggested action that can help to resolve or prevent the problem that triggered the alert. A recommendation can include a link to a related topic in the documentation or an external URL.An alert definition can have one or more recommendations.

Therefore, the correct answer is C. Recommendation, as this is the alert component that provides instructions that would resolve the triggered alert. References:

• 1: VMware vRealize Operations User Guide, https://docs.vmware.com/en/vRealize-Operations/8.5/vrealize-operations-manager-85-user-guide.pdf, page 19-21

Custom groups are collections of objects that you define based on criteria that you specify. You can use custom groups to assign different vRealize Operations policies to a particular set of objects that share common characteristics or belong to a specific business unit1. Custom groups allow you to override the default policy settings for the objects in the group and apply a different policy that suits your requirements2. For example, you can create a custom group of ESXi clusters that run database servers and assign a different capacity policy to them than the rest of the clusters in your environment2. References: = 1 Managing Custom Object Groups in vRealize Operations - VMware Docs, 2 Policies - VMware Docs

 A super metric is a custom metric that you can define using existing metrics and mathematical functions. They allow you to create new metrics that are specific to your environment and can help you gain deeper insights into the performance and health of your infrastructure1. Before enabling a super metric in a policy, you need to associate it to an object type. An object type is a category of objects that share common characteristics, such as hosts, virtual machines, clusters, datastores, etc. By associating a super metric to an object type, you can calculate the super metric for all the objects of that type and display it in the dashboards and reports2. For example, if you create a super metric that calculates the average CPU usage of all the virtual machines in a cluster, you need to associate it to the cluster object type. Then, you can enable the super metric in a policy and apply it to the cluster object or group. This way, you can monitor the average CPU usage of the cluster as a super metric3. References: 1: Configuring Super Metrics 2: Metrics and Properties Details 3: Supercharge Your vRealize Operations with Super Metrics

Role is the attribute that should be defined to ensure that group members can access vRealize Operations objects when importing a group from Active Directory into vRealize Operations. Role is a set of permissions that defines what actions a user or a group can perform on vRealize Operations objects, such as dashboards, alerts, reports, and policies. By assigning a role to a group, the administrator can grant or restrict access to vRealize Operations objects for all the group members. Description, Group Members, and Type are not attributes that ensure that group members can access vRealize Operations objects when importing a group from Active Directory into vRealize Operations. Description is an optional field that provides additional information about the group. Group Members is a list of users that belong to the group. Type is a classification of the group based on the source, such as Local, LDAP, or Active Directory. References: Import User Groups From Source, section “Import User Groups From Source”. vRealize Operations Manager User Guide, section “Create and Configure Dashboards”.

 According to the VMware vRealize Operations Reference Materials, the cloud provider that needs to be added as a custom cloud provider when running a What-If Analysis is Oracle Cloud. The What-If Analysis feature allows the administrator to compare the cost and performance of running workloads in different public cloud providers, such as AWS, IBM Cloud, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud, and Alibaba Cloud. These public cloud providers are supported out-of-the-box in vRealize Operations, and the administrator can select them from the predefined list when creating a migration scenario. However, if the administrator wants to compare the cost and performance of running workloads in Oracle Cloud, they need to add it as a custom cloud provider, and upload a rate card that contains the pricing information for Oracle Cloud services. The other options are incorrect because they are supported out-of-the-box in vRealize Operations, and they do not need to be added as a custom cloud provider when running a What-If Analysis. References: What-If-Analysis - Migration Planning: Public Cloud; VMware vRealize Operations What-If Analysis; VMware vRealize Operations for Public Cloud

To monitor VMware Site Recovery Manager with vRealize Operations, the administrator must download and install the vRealize Operations Management Pack for VMware Site Recovery Manager, which is a software package that extends the functionality of vRealize Operations and provides dashboards, alerts, and metrics for Site Recovery Manager objects and services1. The management pack can be downloaded from the VMware Marketplace2 or the Site Recovery Manager download page3. After downloading the management pack, the administrator must install it by using the vRealize Operations interface and upload the PAK file4. Then, the administrator must configure the Site Recovery Manager appliance account in Integrations, which is the section where the administrator can add, edit, or delete accounts for various data sources and adapters5. The administrator must provide the Site Recovery Manager appliance IP address or FQDN, the username and password, and the SSL certificate thumbprint. After configuring the account, the administrator can view the Site Recovery Manager dashboards, alerts, and metrics in vRealize Operations. References: 1: vRealize Operations Management Pack for Site Recovery Manager - VMware 2: VMware Marketplace - View Solution 3: VMware Site Recovery Manager Downloads 4: Installing the Management Pack 5: [Integrations] : [Configuring the Site Recovery Manager Adapter Instance]

Continuous Availability (CA) is a feature of vROps that separates the analytics cluster into two fault domains, stretching across vSphere clusters, and protects the analytics cluster against the loss of an entire fault domain. CA requires a witness node to be deployed in the cluster, which acts as a tiebreaker in case of a network partition between the two fault domains. CA ensures that the data stored in the primary node and data nodes in one fault domain is always 100% synced to the replica node and data nodes in the other fault domain. CA is not a disaster recovery solution, but it provides a higher level of availability and data protection than High Availability (HA), which only protects against the loss of a single node. HA creates a replica for the primary node, but does not replicate the data nodes. Therefore, if a whole rack fails, HA may not be able to prevent data loss. Deploying an additional vROps deployment as a standby or configuring remote collector groups are not options that address the requirement of ensuring no monitoring data is lost in the event of a whole rack failure. These options may provide some redundancy or scalability, but they do not guarantee data consistency or availability across fault domains. References: 1: About vRealize Operations Continuous Availability 2: Continuous Availability Considerations 3: About vRealize Operations High Availability 4: High Availability Considerations

To apply a super metric to other vRealize Operations instances, you need to export the super metric from the source instance and import it to the destination instance. Exporting a super metric creates a JSON file that contains the super metric definition and attributes. Importing a super metric allows you to upload the JSON file and add the super metric to the destination instance. You can also choose to overwrite or skip an existing super metric with the same name. Adding or updating a super metric are not the correct steps, as they are used to create or modify a super metric within the sameinstance. References: Exporting and Importing a Super Metric

To enable east/west firewall in VMware Cloud Director Tenant Portal, you need to perform the following steps:

• Login to Customer Organization and go to Networking Section of Tenant Portal. This is where you can access the networking capabilities provided by NSX Data Center for vSphere in your VMware Cloud Director organization virtual data center.
• Go to Edge Gateways and enable firewall on one of the Edge Gateways. This will allow you to configure the edge gateway firewall rules for north/south traffic enforcement and perimeter security functionality. You can also enable other services such as NAT, VPN, load balancing, etc. on the edge gateway.
• Go to Networking and enable Distributed Firewall for one of the Network inside the Network section. This will allow you to configure the distributed firewall rules for east/west traffic isolation and access control. You can also apply security policies and groups to the network and the virtual machines within it.

References: NSX Data Center for vSphere Firewall Configuration in the VMware Cloud Director Tenant Portal; Getting Started with the VMware Cloud Director Tenant Portal

 The vRealize Operations sizing tool is a web-based tool that helps you estimate the resources required for deploying and running vRealize Operations in your environment. The tool has two modes: Basic and Advanced. In the basic mode, you only need to enter information about vCenter objects, such as the number of clusters, hosts, virtual machines, and datastores. The tool also asks for the projected growth rate and data retention period for your environment. Based on these inputs, the tool provides recommendations for the node size, cluster size, and disk space for vRealize Operations. The tool also shows the maximum number of objects and metrics that can be collected by the recommendedconfiguration123. Therefore, the attribute that is required for using the vROps sizing tool in basic mode is the number of clusters. The other attributes, such as the number of virtual machine disks, vSwitches, and port groups, are not required in the basic mode. However, they can be entered in the advanced mode, along with other data sources, such as management packs, vRealize Automation, vRealize Log Insight, etc., to get a more accurate and customized sizing recommendation123. References: 1: Introducing the vRealize Operations Sizing Tool 2: vRealize Operations 8.6.0, 8.6.1, and 8.6.2 Sizing Guidelines 3: Everything You Need To Know About vRealize Operations Manager Sizing Tool

When creating an alert definition that has multiple symptoms, the triggered symptom that sets the criticality is the most critical symptom. The criticality of an alert definition is the level of severity or urgency that the alert indicates, such as Critical, Immediate, Warning, or Informational. The criticality of an alert definition is determined by the highest criticality of the symptoms that are included in the alert definition1. When an alert is generated, the criticality of the alert is set by the most critical symptom that triggered the alert. For example, if an alert definition has two symptoms, one with a criticality of Critical and one with a criticality of Warning, and both symptoms are triggered, the alert will have a criticality of Critical. However, if only the symptom with a criticality of Warning is triggered, the alert will have a criticality of Warning2. References: 1: Policy Alert Definitions 2: Alert Definition Best Practices