VMware 2V0-33.22 VMware Cloud Professional Exam Practice Test

An extended network segment is required for a cloud administrator to create a virtual machine that requires layer 2 connectivity to an on-premises workload. Extended networks allow for the virtual machines to communicate directly with the on-premises workload while remaining isolated from the public cloud. This allows for the virtual machines to access the same services and workloads as the on-premises workloads while still remaining secure.

AWS Direct Connect is a service that establishes a dedicated network connection between an on-premises data center and an AWS region. This can improve network performance, reduce costs, and increase security for applications that require high bandwidth and low latency1.

A layer 2 VPN connection would not improve performance as it still relies on the public internet. VMware HCX is a service that simplifies workload migration and mobility between different clouds, but it does not address network performance issues. Contacting VMware support to request more bandwidth for IPSec VPN connection is unlikely to be effective as IPSec VPN has inherent limitations such as encryption overhead and packet fragmentation

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-Disaster-Recovery/services/vmware-cloud-dr-security-best-practices/GUID-BCC03463-437B-4DBE-BE21-0D43D5BA5776.html

A cloud administrator requires an external secure connection into their data center to use Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). The best connection type to use for this purpose is a Route-based virtual private network (VPN). This type of VPN is secure, as it uses encryption and authentication to protect the data transmitted over the connection. Additionally, it allows for the configuration of BGP to ensure that the data traffic is routed to the desired destination.

PREPARING FOR VMWARE CLOUD ON AWS

https://www.vmware.com/content/dam/digitalmarketing/vmware/en/pdf/products/vmc-aws/preparing-for-vmware-cloud-on-aws.pdf

Publishing Applications with VMware Horizon 7

https://vcdx.vmware.com/content/dam/digitalmarketing/vmware/ru/pdf/techpaper/vmware-horizon-7-application-publishing.pdf

What is Network Virtualization? | VMware Glossary

https://www.vmware.com/topics/glossary/content/network-virtualization.html

https://aws.amazon.com/es/blogs/apn/connectivity-options-for-vmware-cloud-on-aws-software-defined-data-centers/

A distributed switch is managed by vCenter Server for all ESXi hosts associated with the distributed switch. A standard switch is different from a distributed switch in that standard switches contain VMkernel ports, but the entire configuration is managed by each ESXi host. A distributed switch is managed by vCenter Server for all ESXi hosts associated with the distributed switch and can contain multiple VMkernel ports. Each ESXi host can have multiple distributed switches configured at any time.

Hybrid Linked Mode can tolerate a time skew of up to ten minutes between the on-premises data center and the cloud SDDC. The maximum latency between your cloud SDDC and on-premises data center cannot exceed 100 msec roundtrip.

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-AWS/services/com.vmware.vsphere.vmc-aws-manage-data-center-vms.doc/GUID-BE75F0F1-2864-4926-97FE-37E635471C43.html

According to 1, VMware NSX-T Data Center implements three separate but integrated planes: management, control, and data.

• The management plane provides a single point of configuration and REST API entry-points for NSX-T Data Center components.
• The control plane is responsible for computing network state based on configuration from the management plane and topology information from transport nodes.
• The data plane consists of transport nodes that provide connectivity for workloads and enforce network policies.

Overview of NSX-T Data Center: https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-NSX-T-Data-Center/3.2/installation/GUID-10B1A61D-4DF2-481E-A93E-C694726393F9.html

To create a virtual machine template, you will need to configure the virtual machine hardware configuration, install the necessary applications, tools, and patches, and select the guest operating system. The template can also include vSphere tags and custom attributes to further customize the virtual machine. Additionally, the template can include virtual machine snapshots which will save the current state of the virtual machine and can be used to quickly restore the machine to the same state.

VMware Technical Support Guide

https://www.vmware.com/pdf/techsupportguide.pdf

Publishing Applications with VMware Horizon 7

https://vcdx.vmware.com/content/dam/digitalmarketing/vmware/ru/pdf/techpaper/vmware-horizon-7-application-publishing.pdf

What is Server Virtualization? | VMware Glossary

https://www.vmware.com/topics/glossary/content/server-virtualization.html

The two use cases that can be met with VMware Cloud on Dell EMC and VMware Cloud on AWS Outposts are Option C: Applications needing local data processing and/or low latency integrations, and Option D: Critical workloads that use restricted data.

VMware Cloud on Dell EMC and VMware Cloud on AWS Outposts both provide local data processing and low latency integrations, making them ideal for applications that require quick and efficient access to data. Additionally, the highly secure infrastructure of both solutions make them a great choice for critical workloads that use restricted data.

For more information, please refer to the official VMware documentation on VMware Cloud on Dell EMC: https://www.vmware.com/products/vmware-cloud-on-dellemc.html And the official VMware documentation on VMware Cloud on AWS Outposts: https://www.vmware.com/products/vmware-cloud-on-aws-outposts.html

Compute Gateway (CGW) The CGW is a Tier 1 router that handles network traffic for workload VMs connected to routed compute network segments. Compute gateway firewall rules, along with NAT rules, run on the Tier 0 router. In the default configuration, these rules block all traffic to and from compute network segments (see Configure Compute Gateway Networking and Security).

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-AWS/services/vmc-on-aws-networking-security.pdf

The CGW is a Tier 1 router that handles network traffic for workload VMs connected to routed compute network segments. Compute gateway firewall rules, along with NAT rules, run on the Tier 0 router.

The .vmdk file contains the virtual machine's hard disk configuration and is preventing the administrator from increasing the disk size. The .vmdk file must be edited to allow the administrator to increase the disk size. More specifically, the administrator must edit the descriptor file within the .vmdk file to change the capacity of the disk.

https://www.vmware.com/topics/glossary/content/multi-cloud.html

VMware Multi-Cloud provides visibility and tools to manage resources, workloads and operations across clouds from a common operating environment. This eliminates the need to manage multiple cloud environments in different clouds and provides a unified view of all cloud resources and applications. This makes it easier to monitor and manage workloads across clouds, reducing complexity and increasing agility. VMware Multi-Cloud also provides powerful automation and orchestration capabilities to help streamline operations and improve efficiency. [1]

[1] https://www.vmware.com/products/vmware-multi-cloud.html

https://cloud.google.com/architecture/private-cloud-networking-for-vmware-engine

Dedicated Interconnect provides a private [1][2], dedicated connection between your on-premises network and Google’s network. It offers low latency, high bandwidth, and a secure connection. Partner Interconnect provides a connection to Google Cloud Platform through a partner’s network, such as a service provider or a carrier. It offers the same low latency, high bandwidth, and secure connection, but is slightly slower than Dedicated Interconnect.

References: [1] https://cloud.google.com/interconnect/docs/concepts/types [2] https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-AWS/services/com.vmware.vmc-aws.networking.doc/GUID-6D3A8E3B-A7B1-4A05-A9A8-C4F4A4A4C1A2.html

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration system that provides automated deployment, scaling, and management of containers. It can be used to set up an automated restart policy for containers in the event of a failure, ensuring that containers are automatically restarted when they fail.

VMware Stage Manager User's Guide

https://www.vmware.com/pdf/stagemanager1_Users_Guide.pdf

 VMware vRealize Log Insight Cloud is a cloud-based log management and analytics solution that provides real-time visibility and analytics for VMware Cloud on AWS [1]. It allows security teams to query and audit events and set up custom real-time alerts. Additionally, it provides detailed insights into the activity of the VMware NSX firewall, allowing administrators to quickly identify suspicious activity and take action.

VMware Multi-Cloud Vision enables customers to deliver a consistent management and operations layer across any cloud, and to modernize applications in the cloud of choice using the cloud-native services of that cloud provider. It does not run workloads in the cloud to eliminate security issues, standardize at the DevSecOps and infrastructure level, or reduce the number of developers to increase productivity.

When deploying VMware Cloud on Dell EMC or VMware Cloud on AWS Outposts, the Dell or AWS guys will bring a populated rack to the on-prem DC to extend the private cloud. They will bring technisians on-site to carry, install and configure the devices. AWS Outposts rack hardware specs: https://aws.amazon.com/outposts/rack/hardware-specs/?nc=sn &loc=4 https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-Dell-EMC/services/vmc.dell.emc.datasheet/GUID-9252D1FC-FE9C-4317-8EEB-4C019A21CAA9.html

The best option for a cloud administrator who wants to deploy a VMware Cloud software-defined data center (SDDC) on a cloud provider and requires a consistent 4.5 Gbps bandwidth from applications to communicate from on-premises to the SDDC is a Route-Based Virtual Private Network (VPN). This type of connection offers enhanced performance [1][2], flexibility, scalability, and security compared to other options, such as Policy-Based Virtual Private Network (VPN), Private L2 Virtual Private Network (VPN), or Private Line.

According to the VMware official site, "Route-based VPN enables a secure connection between two or more sites, or between a site and a mobile user, and provides better performance and scalability than a policy-based VPN. Route-based VPNs are also more secure than policy-based VPNs, because the traffic is encrypted with a unique encryption key for each tunnel, rather than relying on a shared key for all tunnels. This allows for secure and reliable connections for devices and applications located in different physical locations." [1]

[1] https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-NSX-Data-Center/2.4/com.vmware.nsx.admin.doc/GUID-D6B7B9E9-E134-4C8A-8F2E-1C60A2FEDC1A.html

The three types of gateways that can be found in VMware Cloud on AWS are Option A: Distributed Tier-1, Option B: Standard Tier-1, and Option D: Compute Tier-1.

Distributed Tier-1 gateways are used for secure access between on-premises networks and the VMware Cloud on AWS SDDC network. Standard Tier-1 gateways are used for secure access between the VMware Cloud on AWS SDDC network and the public internet. Compute Tier-1 gateways are used for secure access between the workloads running on the VMware Cloud on AWS SDDC and the public internet.

For more information, please refer to the official VMware documentation on VMware Cloud on AWS Gateways: https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-AWS/services/com.vmware.vmc-aws.networking/GUID-1F2D1BFC-F5C7-4534-8B49-39F9D08E7F1A.html

• Total number of workloads. This determines how many hosts are needed in the VMware Cloud SDDC cluster.
• Total amount of available storage across all on-premises datastores. This determines how much storage capacity is needed in the VMware Cloud SDDC cluster.
• Average size of workload resources (CPU & RAM). This determines how much compute capacity is needed in the VMware Cloud SDDC cluster.

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud/services/vmc-cloud-sizer-user/GUID-7CECF719-E56B-4830-84ED-77206A2A118D.html

RAID-1 is a mirror configuration that provides high availability by creating multiple copies of a VMDK. RAID-5 and RAID-6 are erasure coding configurations that provide fault tolerance by distributing data and parity across multiple hosts.

The number of failures to tolerate (FTT) determines how many copies or parity blocks are created for each VMDK. For example, RAID-1 FTT = 2 means that there are three copies of each VMDK.

Therefore, based on your requirements, a possible VM storage policy setting could be RAID-1 FTT = 2, which would provide redundancy at the highest level possible with six hosts.

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-AWS/services/com.vmware.vsphere.vmc-aws-manage-data-center-vms.doc/GUID-EDBB551B-51B0-421B-9C44-6ECB66ED660B.html

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/whitepapers/latest/sddc-deployment-and-best-practices/deploying-vmware-cloud-on-aws-sddc.html This must be a RFC1918 private address space (10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, or 192.168.0.0/16) with CIDR block sizes of /16, /20, or /23. The management CIDR block cannot be changed after the SDDC is deployed. Choose a range of IP addresses that does not overlap with the AWS subnet you are connecting to. If you plan to connect the SDDC to an on-premises DC or another environment, the IP subnet must be unique within your enterprise network infrastructure. Choose a CIDR that will give you future scalability.

https://www.nakivo.com/blog/vmware-snapshots-vsphere-how-to/#title-12

Follow these recommendations to get the best performance when using snapshots:

· Use snapshots as a temporary measure only.The presence of snapshots can have a significant impact on guest application performance, especially in a VMFS environment, for I/O intensive workloads. The guest applications fully recover performance after snapshots are deleted.

· Keep the snapshot chain length short when possible, to minimize the guest application performance impact.Performance degradation is higher as the snapshot chain length increases.

· If you need to increase the size of a virtual disk that has snapshots associated with it, you must delete the snapshots first before you can increase the virtual disk's size.

VMware NSX is a network virtualization and security platform that provides a range of features for creating and managing virtual networks, including the ability to create secure connections over the Internet between on-premises data centers and VMware Cloud software-defined data centers (SDDCs). NSX allows you to create logical networks that are isolated from the underlying physical infrastructure, providing enhanced security and flexibility. With NSX, you can create secure, encrypted connections between your on-premises data center and your VMware Cloud SDDC, allowing you to easily and securely connect your workloads and applications running in the cloud to your on-premises resources.

Port mirroring is a VMware Cloud tool that an administrator can use to forward all the monitored traffic to a network appliance for analysis and remediation. The network appliance can then analyze the mirrored traffic and take the appropriate remedial action. Port mirroring can also be used to identify and troubleshoot network issues, as well as monitor network activities.

Port mirroring lets you replicate and redirect all of the traffic coming from a source. The mirrored traffic is sent encapsulated within a Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel to a collector so that all of the original packet information is preserved while traversing the network to a remote destination.

Port mirroring is used in the following scenarios:

• Troubleshooting - Analyze the traffic to detect intrusion and debug and diagnose errors on a network.
• Compliance and monitoring - Forward all of the monitored traffic to a network appliance for analysis and remediation.

Port mirroring includes a source group where the data is monitored and a destination group where the collected data is copied to. The source group membership criteria require VMs to be grouped based on the workload such as web group or application group. The destination group membership criteria require VMs to be grouped based on IP addresses. Port mirroring has one enforcement point, where you can apply policy rules to your SDDC environment.

The traffic direction for port mirroring is Ingress, Egress, or Bi Directional traffic:

• Ingress is the outbound network traffic from the VM to the logical network.
• Egress is the inbound network traffic from the logical network to the VM.
• Bi Directional is the traffic from the VM to the logical network and from the logical network to the VM. This is the default option.

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-AWS/services/com.vmware.vmc-aws-networking-security/GUID-3268A0D3-89D0-406F-B44F-156DD1A30E00.html

Route-based IPSec VPNs provide the flexibility to dynamically learn when new networks are created, making them the ideal choice for establishing connectivity between an on-premises data center and VMware Cloud. Route-based IPSec VPNs use the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) to dynamically learn and propagate routes over the VPN tunnel, allowing for scalable and secure connectivity. [1]

[1] https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-AWS/services/com.vmware.vmc-aws.networking/GUID-EDA5A6E5-6C5B-4F66-9C2F-2C6D4F6EF8F6.html

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/components/#control-plane-components

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/components/

A private network segment is an isolated network segment that is used for disaster recovery testing. Private network segments provide a secure and isolated environment for testing, allowing administrators to test their disaster recovery plans without risking the stability of their production environment. Private network segments also provide additional security, as they are not connected to the public internet, making them less vulnerable to external attacks. [1]

[1] https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-AWS/services/com.vmware.vmc-aws.networking/GUID-64D7A8F3-45C9-4A83-8528-A8C2A2C7001D.html

https://blogs.vmware.com/virtualblocks/2021/09/28/operational-air-gaps/

Operational isolation (operational “air-gapping”) is critical to DR. VMware Cloud DR was designed from the very beginning for its systems and repository to be operationally isolated and for instantiating isolated recovery environments.

A key driver behind the multi-cloud journey is digital transformation, which is the process of using technology to optimize existing processes and systems in order to improve customer experiences, increase operational efficiency, and accelerate business growth. Multi-cloud solutions can help organizations modernize their applications and services, reduce costs, increase agility, and support digital transformation initiatives. For more information, please refer to the official VMware Cloud on AWS documentation at: https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-AWS/index.html.

The Workspace ONE Access connector is used to synchronize groups and users from the internal Active Directory to the VMware Cloud Services Console. Additionally, the administrator should configure a SAML 2.0 Identity Provider to enable single sign-on (SSO) capability and secure access to the VMware Cloud Services Console.

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-AWS/services/com.vmware.vmc-aws- networking-security/GUID-2D31A9A6-4A80-4B5B-A382-2C5B591F6AEB.html

The VMware technology that ensures availability of the VMs in your SDDC and uses multiple ESXi hosts to provide rapid recovery from outages and cost-effective high availability for applications is B. vSphere HA. vSphere HA is an agentless cluster-level availability solution that enables rapid recovery from outages and cost-effective high availability for applications. vSphere DRaaS, vSphere DPM, and vSphere eDRS are not suitable for this purpose.

Example B illustrates the benefit of cloud computing where an organization can manage its cloud resources by using different cloud providers that are separate and isolated from each other. This allows the organization to make use of features and services offered by different cloud providers in order to benefit from the best of different services.

Example C illustrates the benefit of cloud computing where a business can store infrequently accessed data in the cloud in order to benefit from reduced on-premises storage costs, as cloud storage is usually cheaper than on-premise storage.

Example E illustrates the benefit of cloud computing where a developer can code an application in a cloud-based environment, and, with a few simple commands, deploy the application on the business website. This eliminates the need for the developer to set up and manage the application on their own, as the cloud platform handles the deployment and hosting of the application.

Example F illustrates the benefit of cloud computing where a large amount of storage can be made available in seconds using a cloud option. This is useful for businesses that require a large amount of storage but don't have the resources to set up and manage their own storage solution.

For more information on the benefits of cloud computing, see the VMware official documentation at https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-Cloud-on-AWS/services/com.vmware.vmc-aws.getting-started/GUID-F0A2F338-A6A7-49AD-B158-CFFCA2F29C1B.html.