SAP C_HCMP_2311 SAP Certified Application Associate - SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA Exam Practice Test

The personnel calculation rules used in the subschema of XAL9 for factoring and storage are typically designed to handle specific country-related factoring and valuation scenarios. While the exact rules can vary based on the country and the specific requirements of the payroll system, generally, rules like XVAL (for valuation) and XPPF (for partial period factoring) could be involved in such processes1.

Therefore, the correct answers could be: C. XPPF D. XVAL

These rules help in calculating the correct pay for periods where employees have variable pay due to factors like absences or changes in work schedule. It’s always best to refer to the specific system documentation or configuration for the precise rules used in a given scenario.

 Absences are processed during regular payroll runs using country-specific schemas. The absence valuation is carried out by the rule I015. This procedure consists in the multiplication of the number of the wage types generated from the function PAB by their amount per unit and it is showed in the internal table of the IT payroll1. Therefore, to include absence hours in the PARTA table, the wage type must be defined in absence valuation rules. References = 

https://help.sap.com/docs/r/97b4732247c048ef80ca97c92555e703/2.5.latest/en-US/ae17dd5321e8424de10000000a174cb4.html

https://help.sap.com/docs/SAP_S4HANA_ON- PREMISE/bb31338348194291925625f5e965ac94/7df5dd5321e8424de10000000a174cb4.html

The calculation rule XPPF is used to calculate the wage types /801 and /802, which are the gross and net pay for the current period. The operation XPPF calls the personnel calculation rules XPPO and XPP1, which perform the following steps:

• XPPO: This rule calculates the gross pay (/801) by adding up all the wage types in the IT table that have the processing class 10 set to 1. The operation ADDWT&10 adds the wage types to the /801 wage type and stores it in the OT table. The operation ADDCU cumulates the /801 wage type in the CRT table.
• XPP1: This rule calculates the net pay (/802) by subtracting the deductions from the gross pay. The operation SUBWT&11 subtracts the wage types in the IT table that have the processing class 11 set to 1 from the /801 wage type and stores the result in the /802 wage type in the OT table. The operation ADDCU cumulates the /802 wage type in the CRT table.

References = Payroll Schema, SAP Certified Application Associate – SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA, SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA - SAP Training Shop, Internal Tables for Payroll

 The calculation rule X018 is used to calculate the average of the wage type based on the cumulative values stored in the AMT and NUM fields. The operation X018 divides the AMT field by the NUM field and stores the result in the RTE field. This operation is usually performed after the cumulation of the wage type values using the ADDCU operation. The X018 operation is relevant for the valuation of time wage types according to the principle of averages, which is used for payroll and leave valuation. References = Payroll Operations, Payroll Schema, SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA, Free SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA Certification Sample Questions and Answers, Work Schedule Rule

 In SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA, an average calculation rule is used to determine the average value for a specific wage type or set of wage types over a defined period. The average calculation rule can include several components:

• Cumulation rules: These are used to define how the wage types are cumulated over the average calculation period1.
• Relevant average period: This defines the period over which the average is calculated. It could be a fixed period (e.g., the last three months) or a variable period (e.g., the period of employment)2.
• Final processing: This is used to finalize the calculation of the average, such as rounding off the average value1.

Function PARTT and Modifier groupings are not typically included in an average calculation rule in SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA.

References = 

 In SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA, the functions that are used to import infotypes data into the current payroll run are WPBP and PIT. The WPBP function is used to transfer master data on the work center and basic pay for the payroll period to the internal table WPBP1. The PIT function is used to import the last previous result for the current period2. References = 

https://community.sap.com/t5/enterprise-resource-planning-blogs-by-members/understanding-functions-in-payroll-schemas-specific-eg-wpbp/ba-p/13270777

https://help.sap.com/docs/SAP_S4HANA_ON-PREMISE/ff854a903cbf4c10910a5825d787693f/253ec2531bb9b44ce10000000a174cb4.html

When you want to create live posting documents in SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA, the status of the payroll control record should be “Exit payroll”. This is because the “Exit payroll” status indicates that the payroll process is over and the record can be updated in the account12. References = https://answers.sap.com/questions/4028753/payroll-control-record-status-while-posting.html

https://community.sap.com/t5/enterprise-resource-planning-q-a/how-to-best-unlock-locked-records-for-payroll/qaq-p/5503356

To calculate partial period factors including unpaid absences in work days for all counting classes, you need to use the variable AAU**. This variable represents the absence in work days for all counting classes. The formula for the partial period factor is:

Partial period factor=DivisorPlanned working time or flat rate period working time−Absence​

The divisor is the number of work days in the period. The planned working time or flat rate period working time and the absence are both in work days. Therefore, you need to use the same calculation unit (A) for both parameters. The variable AAU** contains the value for absence in work days for all counting classes. The variable ASOLL contains the value for planned working time or flat rate period working time in work days. Therefore, the partial period factor can be calculated as:

Partial period factor=DivisorASOLL−AAU**​

References=Partial Period Factor,Partial Period Remuneration (Factoring)

• Run Payroll up to Date: This crucial field in IT0003 determines the final payroll period for which an employee has already been paid. By updating this date to a period after the employee's termination date, you signal to the payroll system that a final off-cycle payroll run is needed.

Why the other options are less suitable:

• Qualified advance payment, Advance payment from master data:These might be relevant if you need to issue a payment before the final payroll run, but they don't directly trigger the payroll calculation for a terminated employee.
• Earliest MD Change Date:This field helps control retroactive pay calculations, but it's not the primary method for processing payroll for terminated employees.

Important Considerations

• Off-Cycle Payroll Runs: Processing payroll for terminated employees often requires a specific off-cycle payroll run to ensure proper calculations.
• Data Consistency: Ensure the employee's termination date and the "Run Payroll up to Date" align for accurate calculations.

• Pnn:This option lets you specify a particular wage type using its number (e.g., P0008 for basic pay). This gives you precise control over which wage type the PCR will process.
• GEN:This option tells the PCR to process all wage types found in the Input Table (IT). It's useful when you need the rule to work with a range of wage types without specifying them individually.

Why the other options are incorrect:

• NOAB:This is a valid parameter but its primary function is to prevent a PCR from running multiple times for the same employee subgroup. It doesn't directly control which wage types can be accessed.
• ABART:This represents the Wage Type (Lohnartin German). While wage types are a core part of payroll processing, the ABART parameter itself doesn't directly specify which wage types the PIT function will access.

The rules used to determine hourly rates for all employees in SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA are X010 and X013. Rule X010 is used for the determination of valuation bases. In this step, all the wage types which should be included in the rate of pay are added1. Rule X013 is used for the division of valuation bases. In this step, /0 series wage types (/001,/002) are divided with calendar days, working hours, working days, or with a fixed value. We arrive at the rate of pay1. References = SAP Community

https://help.sap.com/docs/SAP_S4HANA_ON-PREMISE/85346b7b83c8474e993429d934f77cc0/de38c2531bb9b44ce10000000a174cb4.html

• In the payroll period in which the absence begins (B): The system compares the cut-off day with the start date and the end date of an absence record1. If the cut-off day is later than the end date, the system continues with the standard absence valuation process1.
• On the actual dates in each affected payroll period ©: If the cut-off day is earlier than the start date, the system transfers the absence to the corresponding carry-over wage type, which is saved in an internal table for absence valuation in the next payroll period1.
• In the payroll period in which the absence ends (E): If the cut-off day is between the start date and the end date, the system splits the absence into two records: One record is from the start date to the cut-off day, for which the system continues with the standard absence valuation. The other record is from the cut-off day to the original end date, which the system saves in the carryover wage type and will evaluate in the next payroll period1. References = 

https://help.sap.com/docs/SAP_S4HANA_ON-PREMISE/7aff27bde57a4bd7b89e8cce540e110e/dede391612cc4bf0831329b9138f360c.html

• The LGMST feature is used to propose a default value for the Pay scale type and Pay scale area (IT 0008) data fields based on the country grouping, personnel area, and employee subgroup of the employee.
• To use the LGMST feature, you need to define the feature in the Customizing activity Define Features for Personnel Administration under Personnel Management > Personnel Administration > Basic Settings.
• In the feature, you can specify the pay scale type and pay scale area for each combination of country grouping, personnel area, and employee subgroup. You can also use wildcards (*) to cover multiple values.
• After defining the feature, you need to activate it in the Customizing activity Activate Pay Scale Type and Area Determination under Personnel Management > Personnel Administration > Payroll Data > Basic Pay.
• Once the feature is activated, the system will automatically propose the pay scale type and pay scale area for the employee when you create or change the IT 0008 infotype record. References =
• SAP Help Portal: Define Features for Personnel Administration
• SAP Help Portal: Activate Pay Scale Type and Area Determination
• SAP Community: SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA - FAQ

Average bases can be included as a condition in an adjustment rule for averages. Here's why:

• Average Bases: Average bases refer to the specific wage types you want to include in an average calculation. Adjustment rules allow you to specify conditions that filter which wage types should contribute to a particular average.

Why the other options are less likely:

• Cumulation rule: Cumulation rules control how values are accumulated across time, but they don't directly define conditions for adjusting averages.
• Time unit: This is relevant to average calculations but wouldn't be a condition within the adjustment rule itself. The adjustment rule might use different time units for its calculations.
• PCR for average formula: PCRs can be used to define the calculation logic behind averages, but they're not directly used as conditions within adjustment rules.

How do adjustments work for averages?

Adjustment rules allow you to refine average calculations by:

• Filtering Wage Types: Specifying which wage types should be included or excluded from the average.
• Conditionally Applying Rules: Define conditions that determine when a specific adjustment should take place.

The correct order to carry out the payroll process is as follows:

• Start payroll. The system calls up a country-specific payroll program and performs payroll using the values you entered in the payroll program1.
• Check result. You check whether payroll has run correctly, or determine where errors have occurred. If desired, you can obtain a detailed payroll log1.
• Exit payroll. You exit the payroll run and set the payroll area to “exit”. This locks the payroll area for the current payroll period and prevents any changes to the payroll-relevant data1. References = 1: The Payroll Process | SAP Help Portal

• The retroactive accounting depth of SAP payroll is the earliest date from which the payroll results can be recalculated due to changes in master or time data.
• The retroactive accounting depth is determined by the following settings:
• The system uses the latest of these three settings as the retroactive accounting depth for each personnel number. For example, if the personal retroactive accounting date is 01.01.2024, the payroll control record date is 01.02.2024, and the hiring date is 01.03.2024, then the retroactive accounting depth is 01.03.2024. References =
• Retroactive Accounting | SAP Help Portal
• Retroactive Accounting functionality in HCM payroll PART-I | SAP Community
• Retroactive Payroll Processing | SAP Help Portal

 Factoring in SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA is used when an employee did not work for the whole payroll period, then a partial remuneration is calculated during the payroll run1. Factoring is used in the following cases: To reduce payments made to an employee because he or she joins, leaves, or is absent from the company during a period. To calculate remuneration for an exact period because of substitutions, changes in basic pay, organizational reassignments, or changes in the personal work schedule1. Therefore, the scenarios that cause factoring to occur when they happen in the middle of a pay period are when an employee has a basic pay change (Option B) and when a different work schedulerule is assigned (Option D). References = 1

• A payroll schema is a set of rules and calculations that determine how employees are paid. A payroll schema consists of functions and parameters that define the logic and sequence of payroll processing.
• The function CHECK is used to check whether certain conditions are met before executing the subsequent functions in the schema. The parameter ABR stands for aborted payroll run. It indicates that the payroll run was terminated due to an error or inconsistency.
• The function/parameter combination CHECK/ABR must be activated in a productive payroll schema to ensure that the payroll run is not continued if there is an aborted payroll run for the employee. This prevents incorrect or incomplete payroll results from being posted to the database.
• The other function/parameter combinations are not mandatory for a productive payroll schema. They are used for different purposes, such as:

References = : https://help.sap.com/doc/3044085 : https://help.sap.com/doc/3044085#section_2 : https://help.sap.com/doc/3044085#section_3 : https://help.sap.com/doc/3044085#section_4 : https://help.sap.com/doc/3044085#section_5 : https://help.sap.com/doc/3044085#section_6 : https://help.sap.com/doc/3044085#section_7 : https://help.sap.com/doc/3044085#section_8

In the SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA, the function PIT (Process Input Table) uses parameters to define its behavior. Parameter 2 is used to specify the type of access for the personnel calculation rule. The allowed values for parameter 2 in the PIT function are ‘GEN’ and ‘NOAB’. ‘GEN’ stands for Generic access of personnel calculation rule (process any wagetype). ‘NOAB’ stands for Employee subgroup grouping personnel calculation from table employee group/employee subgroup (T503) without payroll type (Process for any EE sub-group groupings).

References = 

https://answers.sap.com/questions/8719427/reg-parameters-in-schema.html

https://community.sap.com/t5/enterprise-resource-planning-blogs-by-members/understanding-functions-in-payroll-schemas-specific-eg-wpbp/ba-p/13270777

 When you call up a main schema using transaction PE01, you have the following columns available in the editor:

• Line: This column shows the line number of each entry in the schema. It is used to identify and navigate the schema entries.
• Function: This column shows the name of the function that is executed by the payroll driver. A function can be a payroll operation, a personnel calculation rule, or a sub-schema. A function can have one or more parameters that define its behavior and output.
• Parameter: This column shows the parameters that are passed to the function. Parameters can be constants, variables, or expressions that modify the function’s logic or input.Parameters are separated by commas and enclosed in brackets.
• Feature: This column shows the name of the feature that is used to determine the value of a parameter. A feature is a decision tree that evaluates certain conditions and returns a value based on the outcome. Features are used to customize the payroll schema for different scenarios or requirements.
• Return Code: This column shows the return code that is generated by the function. A return code is a numerical value that indicates the status or result of the function execution. Return codes can be used to control the flow of the schema or to trigger certain actions.

The columns B. Feature and D. Return Code are not always visible in the editor. They can be displayed or hidden by using the menu options View -> Feature or View -> Return Code. Therefore, they are not correct answers to the question.

References =

• SAP Help Portal: Payroll Schema
• SAP Community: Understanding functions in Payroll Schemas

Here's a breakdown of why these are applicable to retroactive accounting:

• A. "Forced retro.accounting" data field:This field allows you to manually trigger a retroactive calculation for a specific employee. This is useful in cases where normal retroactive processes might not be sufficient.
• D. Customizing changes:Changes to system configuration data that impact payroll calculations (such as tax tables, deductions, etc.) will trigger retroactive accounting to ensure past payrolls are correctly aligned with the new settings.

Why the other options are incorrect:

• B. Every change to customizing data...:While some changes to customizing data are payroll-relevant, not every single change will necessarily trigger a retroactive calculation.
• C. A change to master data...:A change to master data in the current period won't automatically trigger retroactive accounting. For retroactive calculations, changes to master data in previous periods are typically required.

In the SAP HCM Payroll for SAP S/4HANA, the function PIT (Process Input Table) uses parameters to define its behavior. The PIT function is used to process all wage types in the input table (IT) using a specific personnel calculation rule, in this case, Z123. The parameters ‘GEN’ and ‘NOAB’ are used in the PIT function to accomplish this. ‘GEN’ stands for Generic access of personnel calculation rule (process any wage type). ‘NOAB’ stands for Employee subgroup grouping personnel calculation from table employee group/employee subgroup (T503) without payroll type (Process for any EE sub-group groupings). Therefore, the correct configuration to process all wage types in the input table (IT) using personnel calculation rule Z123 and considering the employee subgroup grouping for the personnel calculation rule is ‘PIT Z123 GEN NOAB’.

References = 1, 2

https://community.sap.com/t5/enterprise-resource-planning-blogs-by-members/understanding-processing-classes-in-sap-hr/ba-p/13250375

https://help.sap.com/docs/SAP_S4HANA_ON-PREMISE/ff854a903cbf4c10910a5825d787693f/253ec2531bb9b44ce10000000a174cb4.html

The valuation of a time wage type with wage type-dependent constants is often dependent on certain conditions being met. You can define different, wage type dependent constants that depend on a modifier. Different conditions are represented with different modifiers. The value of these modifiers is queried with the function RAB (Read Absences) or the operation VALBS (Valuation bases). Further conditions can be defined within the personnel calculation rule to determine whether a time wage type is valuated using a wage type-dependent constant valuation basis. In the standard system, the modifier MODIF 2 is used. You set the modifiers in personnel calculation rule XMOD ( Modifiers for Payroll ). References = https://help.sap.com/docs/r/d54170e34c6747d4a4462b963c0a6850/600_HRSP_I9/en-US/743dc2531bb9b44ce10000000a174cb4.html

The XIN0 subschema is specifically designed to initiate the payroll process within SAP HCM. It's responsible for a series of crucial initialization tasks, including:

• Reading employee master data
• Fetching relevant time data
• Initializing cumulation wage types
• Setting up data for processing within the payroll run.