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Google Cloud Certified - Associate Cloud Engineer Questions and Answers

Question 1

You just installed the Google Cloud CLI on your new corporate laptop. You need to list the existing instances of your company on Google Cloud. What must you do before you run the gcloud compute instances list command?

Choose 2 answers

Options:

Run gcloud auth login, enter your login credentials in the dialog window, and paste the received login token to gcloud CLI.

Create a Google Cloud service account, and download the service account key. Place the key file in a folder on your machine where gcloud CLI can find it.

Download your Cloud Identity user account key. Place the key file in a folder on your machine where gcloud CLI can find it.

Run gcloud config set compute/zone $my_zone to set the default zone for gcloud CLI.

Run gcloud config set project $my_project to set the default project for gcloud CLI.

Question 2

Your company has a Google Cloud Platform project that uses BigQuery for data warehousing. Your data science team changes frequently and has few members. You need to allow members of this team to perform queries. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

Options:

1. Create an IAM entry for each data scientist's user account.2. Assign the BigQuery jobUser role to the group.

1. Create an IAM entry for each data scientist's user account.2. Assign the BigQuery dataViewer user role to the group.

1. Create a dedicated Google group in Cloud Identity.2. Add each data scientist's user account to the group.3. Assign the BigQuery jobUser role to the group.

1. Create a dedicated Google group in Cloud Identity.2. Add each data scientist's user account to the group.3. Assign the BigQuery dataViewer user role to the group.

Question 3

You are running a web application on Cloud Run for a few hundred users. Some of your users complain that the initial web page of the application takes much longer to load than the following pages. You want to follow Google's recommendations to mitigate the issue. What should you do?

Options:

Update your web application to use the protocol HTTP/2 instead of HTTP/1.1

Set the concurrency number to 1 for your Cloud Run service.

Set the maximum number of instances for your Cloud Run service to 100.

Set the minimum number of instances for your Cloud Run service to 3.

Question 4

You are storing sensitive information in a Cloud Storage bucket. For legal reasons, you need to be able to record all requests that read any of the stored data. You want to make sure you comply with these requirements. What should you do?

Options:

Enable the Identity Aware Proxy API on the project.

Scan the bucker using the Data Loss Prevention API.

Allow only a single Service Account access to read the data.

Enable Data Access audit logs for the Cloud Storage API.

Question 5

(You are deploying a web application using Compute Engine. You created a managed instance group (MIG) to host the application. You want to follow Google-recommended practices to implement a secure and highly available solution. What should you do?)

Options:

Use a proxy Network Load Balancer for the MIG and an A record in your DNS private zone with the load balancer's IP address.

Use a proxy Network Load Balancer for the MIG and a CNAME record in your DNS public zone with the load balancer's IP address.

Use an Application Load Balancer for the MIG and a CNAME record in your DNS private zone with the load balancer's IP address.

Use an Application Load Balancer for the MIG and an A record in your DNS public zone with the load balancer's IP address.

Question 6

You need to immediately change the storage class of an existing Google Cloud bucket. You need to reduce service cost for infrequently accessed files stored in that bucket and for all files that will be added to that bucket in the future. What should you do?

Options:

Use the gsutil to rewrite the storage class for the bucket Change the default storage class for the bucket

Use the gsutil to rewrite the storage class for the bucket Set up Object Lifecycle management on the bucket

Create a new bucket and change the default storage class for the bucket Set up Object Lifecycle management on lite bucket

Create a new bucket and change the default storage class for the bucket import the files from the previous bucket into the new bucket

Question 7

You have been asked to create robust Virtual Private Network (VPN) connectivity between a new Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and a remote site. Key requirements include dynamic routing, a shared address space of 10.19.0.1/22, and no overprovisioning of tunnels during a failover event. You want to follow Google-recommended practices to set up a high availability Cloud VPN. What should you do?

Options:

Use a custom mode VPC network, configure static routes, and use active/passive routing

Use an automatic mode VPC network, configure static routes, and use active/active routing

Use a custom mode VPC network use Cloud Router border gateway protocol (86P) routes, and use active/passive routing

Use an automatic mode VPC network, use Cloud Router border gateway protocol (BGP) routes and configure policy-based routing

Question 8

Your VMs are running in a subnet that has a subnet mask of 255.255.255.240. The current subnet has no more free IP addresses and you require an additional 10 IP addresses for new VMs. The existing and new VMs should all be able to reach each other without additional routes. What should you do?

Options:

Use gcloud to expand the IP range of the current subnet.

Delete the subnet, and recreate it using a wider range of IP addresses.

Create a new project. Use Shared VPC to share the current network with the new project.

Create a new subnet with the same starting IP but a wider range to overwrite the current subnet.

Question 9

You significantly changed a complex Deployment Manager template and want to confirm that the dependencies of all defined resources are properly met before committing it to the project. You want the most rapid feedback on your changes. What should you do?

Options:

Use granular logging statements within a Deployment Manager template authored in Python.

Monitor activity of the Deployment Manager execution on the Stackdriver Logging page of the GCP Console.

Execute the Deployment Manager template against a separate project with the same configuration, and monitor for failures.

Execute the Deployment Manager template using the –-preview option in the same project, and observe the state of interdependent resources.

Question 10

You need to extract text from audio files by using the Speech-to-Text API. The audio files are pushed to a Cloud Storage bucket. You need to implement a fully managed, serverless compute solution that requires authentication and aligns with Google-recommended practices. You want to automate the call to the API by submitting each file to the API as the audio file arrives in the bucket. What should you do?

Options:

Run a Kubernetes job to scan the bucket regularly for incoming files, and call the Speech-to-Text API for each unprocessed file.

Create an App Engine standard environment triggered by Cloud Storage bucket events to submit the file URI to the Google Speech-to-Text API.

Run a Python script by using a Linux cron job in Compute Engine to scan the bucket regularly for incoming files, and call the Speech-to-Text API for each unprocessed file.

Create a Cloud Function triggered by Cloud Storage bucket events to submit the file URI to the Google Speech-to-Text API.

Question 11

You are planning to move your company's website and a specific asynchronous background job to Google Cloud Your website contains only static HTML content The background job is started through an HTTP endpoint and generates monthly invoices for your customers. Your website needs to be available in multiple geographic locations and requires autoscaling. You want to have no costs when your workloads are not In use and follow recommended practices. What should you do?

Options:

Move your website to Google Kubemetes Engine (GKE). and move your background job to Cloud Functions

Move both your website and background job to Compute Engine

Move both your website and background job to Cloud Run.

Move your website to Google Kubemetes Engine (GKE), and move your background job to Compute Engine

Question 12

You have a Compute Engine instance hosting a production application. You want to receive an email if the instance consumes more than 90% of its CPU resources for more than 15 minutes. You want to use Google services. What should you do?

Options:

1. Create a consumer Gmail account.2.Write a script that monitors the CPU usage.3.When the CPU usage exceeds the threshold, have that script send an email using the Gmail account and smtp.gmail.com on port 25 as SMTP server.

1. Create a Stackdriver Workspace, and associate your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) project with it.2.Create an Alerting Policy in Stackdriver that uses the threshold as a trigger condition.3.Configure your email address in the notification channel.

1. Create a Stackdriver Workspace, and associate your GCP project with it.2.Write a script that monitors the CPU usage and sends it as a custom metric to Stackdriver.3.Create an uptime check for the instance in Stackdriver.

1. In Stackdriver Logging, create a logs-based metric to extract the CPU usage by using this regular expression: CPU Usage: ([0-9] {1,3}) %2.In Stackdriver Monitoring, create an Alerting Policy based on this metric.3.Configure your email address in the notification channel.

Question 13

You recently deployed a new version of an application to App Engine and then discovered a bug in the release. You need to immediately revert to the prior version of the application. What should you do?

Options:

Run gcloud app restore.

On the App Engine page of the GCP Console, select the application that needs to be reverted and click Revert.

On the App Engine Versions page of the GCP Console, route 100% of the traffic to the previous version.

Deploy the original version as a separate application. Then go to App Engine settings and split traffic between applications so that the original version serves 100% of the requests.

Question 14

You have files in a Cloud Storage bucket that you need to share with your suppliers. You want to restrict the time that the files are available to your suppliers to 1 hour. You want to follow Google recommended practices. What should you do?

Options:

Create a service account with just the permissions to access files in the bucket. Create a JSON key for the service account. Execute the command gsutil signurl -m 1h gs:///*.

Create a service account with just the permissions to access files in the bucket. Create a JSON key for the service account. Execute the command gsutil signurl -d 1h gs:///.

Create a service account with just the permissions to access files in the bucket. Create a JSON key for the service account. Execute the command gsutil signurl -p 60m gs:///.

Create a JSON key for the Default Compute Engine Service Account. Execute the command gsutil signurl -t 60m gs:///*

Question 15

You are the team lead of a group of 10 developers. You provided each developer with an individual Google Cloud Project that they can use as their personal sandbox to experiment with different Google Cloud solutions. You want to be notified if any of the developers are spending above $500 per month on their sandbox environment. What should you do?

Options:

Create a single budget for all projects and configure budget alerts on this budget.

Create a separate billing account per sandbox project and enable BigQuery billing exports. Create a Data Studio dashboard to plot the spending per billing account.

Create a budget per project and configure budget alerts on all of these budgets.

Create a single billing account for all sandbox projects and enable BigQuery billing exports. Create a Data Studio dashboard to plot the spending per project.

Question 16

Your preview application, deployed on a single-zone Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster in us-centrall, has gained popularity. You are now ready to make the application generally available. You need to deploy the application to production while ensuring high availability and resilience. You also want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

Options:

Use the gcloud container clusters create command with the options--enable-multi-networking and--enable- autoscaling to create an autoscaling zonal cluster and deploy the application to it.

Use the gcloud container clusters create-auto command to create an autopilot cluster and deploy the application to it.

Use the gcloud container clusters update command with the option—region us-centrall to update the cluster and deploy the application to it.

Use the gcloud container clusters update command with the option—node-locations us-centrall-a,us-centrall-b to update the cluster and deploy the application to the nodes.

Question 17

You are building an application that stores relational data from users. Users across the globe will use this application. Your CTO is concerned about the scaling requirements because the size of the user base is unknown. You need to implement a database solution that can scale with your user growth with minimum configuration changes. Which storage solution should you use?

Options:

Cloud SQL

Cloud Spanner

Cloud Firestore

Cloud Datastore

Question 18

Your company set up a complex organizational structure on Google Could Platform. The structure includes hundreds of folders and projects. Only a few team members should be able to view the hierarchical structure. You need to assign minimum permissions to these team members and you want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

Options:

Add the users to roles/browser role.

Add the users to roles/iam.roleViewer role.

Add the users to a group, and add this group to roles/browser role.

Add the users to a group, and add this group to roles/iam.roleViewer role.

Question 19

(You are migrating your company’s on-premises compute resources to Google Cloud. You need to deploy batch processing jobs that run every night. The jobs require significant CPU and memory for several hours but can tolerate interruptions. You must ensure that the deployment is cost-effective. What should you do?)

Options:

Containerize the batch processing jobs and deploy them on Compute Engine.

Use custom machine types on Compute Engine.

Use the M1 machine series on Compute Engine.

Use Spot VMs on Compute Engine.

Question 20

The sales team has a project named Sales Data Digest that has the ID acme-data-digest You need to set up similar Google Cloud resources for the marketing team but their resources must be organized independently of the sales team. What should you do?

Options:

Grant the Project Editor role to the Marketing learn for acme data digest

Create a Project Lien on acme-data digest and then grant the Project Editor role to the Marketing team

Create another protect with the ID acme-marketing-data-digest for the Marketing team and deploy the resources there

Create a new protect named Meeting Data Digest and use the ID acme-data-digest Grant the Project Editor role to the Marketing team.

Question 21

Your company wants to standardize the creation and management of multiple Google Cloud resources using Infrastructure as Code. You want to minimize the amount of repetitive code needed to manage the environment What should you do?

Options:

Create a bash script that contains all requirement steps as gcloud commands

Develop templates for the environment using Cloud Deployment Manager

Use curl in a terminal to send a REST request to the relevant Google API for each individual resource.

Use the Cloud Console interface to provision and manage all related resources

Question 22

Your company has multiple projects linked to a single billing account in Google Cloud. You need to visualize the costs with specific metrics that should be dynamically calculated based on company-specific criteria. You want to automate the process. What should you do?

Options:

In the Google Cloud console, visualize the costs related to the projects in the Reports section.

In the Google Cloud console, visualize the costs related to the projects in the Cost breakdown section.

In the Google Cloud console, use the export functionality of the Cost table. Create a Looker Studiodashboard on top of the CSV export.

Configure Cloud Billing data export to BigOuery for the billing account. Create a Looker Studio dashboard on top of the BigQuery export.

Question 23

You have one project called proj-sa where you manage all your service accounts. You want to be able to use a service account from this project to take snapshots of VMs running in another project called proj-vm. What should you do?

Options:

Download the private key from the service account, and add it to each VMs custom metadata.

Download the private key from the service account, and add the private key to each VM’s SSH keys.

Grant the service account the IAM Role of Compute Storage Admin in the project called proj-vm.

When creating the VMs, set the service account’s API scope for Compute Engine to read/write.

Question 24

Your organization has a dedicated person who creates and manages all service accounts for Google Cloud projects. You need to assign this person the minimum role for projects. What should you do?

Options:

Add the user to roles/iam.roleAdmin role.

Add the user to roles/iam.securityAdmin role.

Add the user to roles/iam.serviceAccountUser role.

Add the user to roles/iam.serviceAccountAdmin role.

Question 25

You host a static website on Cloud Storage. Recently, you began to include links to PDF files on this site. Currently, when users click on the links to these PDF files, their browsers prompt them to save the file onto their local system. Instead, you want the clicked PDF files to be displayed within the browser window directly, without prompting the user to save the file locally. What should you do?

Options:

Enable Cloud CDN on the website frontend.

Enable ‘Share publicly’ on the PDF file objects.

Set Content-Type metadata to application/pdf on the PDF file objects.

Add a label to the storage bucket with a key of Content-Type and value of application/pdf.

Question 26

You are deploying an application to Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) that needs to call an external third-party API. You need to provide the external API vendor with a list of IP addresses for their firewall to allow traffic from your application. You want to follow Google-recommended practices and avoid any risk of interrupting traffic to the API due to IP address changes. What should you do?

Options:

Configure your GKE cluster with one node, and set the node to have a static external IP address. Ensure that the GKE cluster autoscaler is off. Send the external IP address of the node to the vendor to be added to the allowlist.

Configure your GKE cluster with private nodes. Configure a Cloud NAT instance with static IP addresses. Provide these IP addresses to the vendor to be added to the allowlist.

Configure your GKE cluster with public nodes. Write a Cloud Function that pulls the public IP addresses of each node in the cluster. Trigger the function to run every day with Cloud Scheduler. Send the list to the vendor by email every day.

Configure your GKE cluster with private nodes. Configure a Cloud NAT instance with dynamic IP addresses. Provide these IP addresses to the vendor to be added to the allowlist.

Answer:

Explanation:

The requirement is for a stable set of egress IP addresses from a GKE cluster for allowlisting by a third party, following best practices.

Option A is not recommended: Using a single node lacks scalability and high availability. Relying on a single node's static IP creates a single point of failure and doesn't align with GKE's design principles. Disabling autoscaling hinders elasticity.

Option C is complex and unreliable: Public nodes typically have ephemeral external IPs (unless manually configured per node, which is difficult to manage with autoscaling). Dynamically tracking and emailing IPs daily is operationally burdensome and prone to race conditions where the allowlist might lag behind IP changes.

Option D uses Cloud NAT but with dynamic IPs. Dynamic IPs change over time, making them unsuitable for stable firewall allowlists.

Option B is the Google-recommended practice: Configuring the GKE cluster with private nodes enhances security as nodes don't have direct external IPs. Cloud NAT provides managed network address translation for these private nodes to access the internet. By configuring Cloud NAT with a static allocation of external IP addresses, all egress traffic from the private GKE nodes will appear to originate from this stable, predictable set of IPs. This set can be given to the vendor for allowlisting without worrying about node IP changes due to scaling or maintenance.

This approach decouples the application's egress IP from the individual nodes, providing stability and adhering to the principle of least privilege (private nodes).

[References:, , Cloud NAT Overview: "Cloud NAT lets certain resources without external IP addresses create outbound connections to the internet." - https://cloud.google.com/nat/docs/overview, Cloud NAT IP Addresses: "When you configure a NAT gateway... You can configure the NAT gateway to automatically allocate regional external IP addresses... Alternatively, you can manually assign a fixed number of static external IP addresses to the gateway." - https://cloud.google.com/nat/docs/overview#ip-addresses, GKE and Cloud NAT: "Configure Cloud NAT with GKE... Use Case: You want a GKE pod to deterministically egress traffic from a static set of IP addresses that you control." - https://cloud.google.com/nat/docs/gke-example, Private Clusters: "Private nodes do not have endpoint-accessible external IP addresses." - https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/how-to/private-clusters , , , ]

Question 27

You have deployed multiple Linux instances on Compute Engine. You plan on adding more instances in the coming weeks. You want to be able to access all of these instances through your SSH client over me Internet without having to configure specific access on the existing and new instances. You do not want the Compute Engine instances to have a public IP. What should you do?

Options:

Configure Cloud Identity-Aware Proxy (or HTTPS resources

Configure Cloud Identity-Aware Proxy for SSH and TCP resources.

Create an SSH keypair and store the public key as a project-wide SSH Key

Create an SSH keypair and store the private key as a project-wide SSH Key

Question 28

You are hosting an application on bare-metal servers in your own data center. The application needs access to Cloud Storage. However, security policies prevent the servers hosting the application from having public IP addresses or access to the internet. You want to follow Google-recommended practices to provide the application with access to Cloud Storage. What should you do?

Options:

1. Use nslookup to get the IP address for storage.googleapis.com.2. Negotiate with the security team to be able to give a public IP address to the servers.3. Only allow egress traffic from those servers to the IP addresses for storage.googleapis.com.

1. Using Cloud VPN, create a VPN tunnel to a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) in Google Cloud Platform (GCP).2. In this VPC, create a Compute Engine instance and install the Squid proxy server on this instance.3. Configure your servers to use that instance as a proxy to access Cloud Storage.

1. Use Migrate for Compute Engine (formerly known as Velostrata) to migrate those servers to Compute Engine.2. Create an internal load balancer (ILB) that uses storage.googleapis.com as backend.3. Configure your new instances to use this ILB as proxy.

1. Using Cloud VPN or Interconnect, create a tunnel to a VPC in GCP.2. Use Cloud Router to create a custom route advertisement for 199.36.153.4/30. Announce that network to your on-premises network through the VPN tunnel.3. In your on-premises network, configure your DNS server to resolve *.googleapis.com as a CNAME to restricted.googleapis.com.

Answer:

Explanation:

Our requirement is to follow Google recommended practices to achieve the end result. Configuring Private Google Access for On-Premises Hosts is best achieved by VPN/Interconnect + Advertise Routes + Use restricted Google IP Range.

Using Cloud VPN or Interconnect, create a tunnel to a VPC in GCP

Using Cloud Router to create a custom route advertisement for 199.36.153.4/30. Announce that network to your on-premises network through the VPN tunnel.

In your on-premises network, configure your DNS server to resolve *.googleapis.com as a CNAME to restricted.googleapis.com is the right answer right, and it is what Google recommends.

Ref: https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/configure-private-google-access-hybrid

You must configure routes so that Google API traffic is forwarded through your Cloud VPN or Cloud Interconnect connection, firewall rules on your on-premises firewall to allow the outgoing traffic, and DNS so that traffic to Google APIs resolves to the IP range youve added to your routes.

You can use Cloud Router Custom Route Advertisement to announce the Restricted Google APIs IP addresses through Cloud Router to your on-premises network. The Restricted Google APIs IP range is 199.36.153.4/30. While this is technically a public IP range, Google does not announce it publicly. This IP range is only accessible to hosts that can reach your Google Cloud projects through internal IP ranges, such as through a Cloud VPN or Cloud Interconnect connection. Without having a public IP address or access to the internet, the only way you could connect to cloud storage is if you have an internal route to it.

So Negotiate with the security team to be able to give public IP addresses to the servers is not right. Following Google recommended practices is synonymous with using Googles services (Not quite, but it is at least for the exam !!).

So In this VPC, create a Compute Engine instance and install the Squid proxy server on this instance is not right.

Migrating the VM to Compute Engine is a bit drastic when Google says it is perfectly fine to have Hybrid Connectivity architectures https://cloud.google.com/hybrid-connectivity.

So,

Use Migrate for Compute Engine (formerly known as Velostrata) to migrate these servers to Compute Engine is not right.

Question 29

You have an application running in Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) with cluster autoscaling enabled. The application exposes a TCP endpoint. There are several replicas of this application. You have a Compute Engine instance in the same region, but in another Virtual Private Cloud (VPC), called gce-network, that has no overlapping IP ranges with the first VPC. This instance needs to connect to the application on GKE. You want to minimize effort. What should you do?

Options:

1. In GKE, create a Service of type LoadBalancer that uses the application's Pods as backend.2. Set the service's externalTrafficPolicy to Cluster.3. Configure the Compute Engine instance to use the address of the load balancer that has been created.

1. In GKE, create a Service of type NodePort that uses the application's Pods as backend.2. Create a Compute Engine instance called proxy with 2 network interfaces, one in each VPC.3. Use iptables on this instance to forward traffic from gce-network to the GKE nodes.4. Configure the Compute Engine instance to use the address of proxy in gce-network as endpoint.

1. In GKE, create a Service of type LoadBalancer that uses the application's Pods as backend.2. Add an annotation to this service: cloud.google.com/load-balancer-type: Internal3. Peer the two VPCs together.4. Configure the Compute Engine instance to use the address of the load balancer that has been created.

1. In GKE, create a Service of type LoadBalancer that uses the application's Pods as backend.2. Add a Cloud Armor Security Policy to the load balancer that whitelists the internal IPs of the MIG's instances.3. Configure the Compute Engine instance to use the address of the load balancer that has been created.

Question 30

You have 32 GB of data in a single file that you need to upload to a Nearline Storage bucket. The WAN connection you are using is rated at 1 Gbps, and you are the only one on the connection. You want to use as much of the rated 1 Gbps as possible to transfer the file rapidly. How should you upload the file?

Options:

Use the GCP Console to transfer the file instead of gsutil.

Enable parallel composite uploads using gsutil on the file transfer.

Decrease the TCP window size on the machine initiating the transfer.

Change the storage class of the bucket from Nearline to Multi-Regional.

Question 31

(Your company has a rapidly growing social media platform and a user base primarily located in North America. Due to increasing demand, your current on-premises PostgreSQL database, hosted in your United States headquarters data center, no longer meets your needs. You need to identify a cloud-based database solution that offers automatic scaling, multi-region support for future expansion, and maintains low latency.)

Options:

Use Bigtable.

Use BigQuery.

Use Spanner.

Use Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL.

Answer:

Explanation:

Comprehensive and Detailed In Depth Explanation:

Let's evaluate each database option against the requirements: automatic scaling, multi-region support, and low latency for a growing social media platform:

A. Bigtable: Bigtable is a highly scalable NoSQL database designed for large analytical and operational workloads with low latency. It offers excellent horizontal scalability and can be deployed across multiple regions for high availability and lower latency for a global user base. However, it's a NoSQL database and might require significant changes to your existing PostgreSQL data model and application code.

B. BigQuery: BigQuery is a fully managed, serverless data warehouse optimized for analytical queries on large datasets. It's not designed for low-latency transactional workloads that a social media platformwould require for real-time user interactions. While it's globally available, its primary use case is not operational database needs.

C. Spanner: Spanner is a globally distributed, horizontally scalable relational database service with strong consistency. It offers automatic scaling, built-in multi-region and multi-continental configurations for high availability and low latency across a global user base, and supports standard SQL (with some extensions). This makes it a strong candidate for a rapidly growing platform needing scalability, global presence, and low latency. While it's not directly PostgreSQL, it offers a relational model and tools to aid migration.

D. Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL: Cloud SQL offers managed PostgreSQL instances with automatic scaling capabilities. It supports high availability within a region and cross-region read replicas for disaster recovery and read scaling. However, its multi-region capabilities for write operations and automatic scaling across regions are more limited compared to Spanner. For a rapidly growing platform with a primarily North American user base but future global expansion in mind and a need for low latency, Spanner's architecture is better suited for true multi-region write capabilities and consistent low latency globally.

Considering the requirements for automatic scaling, multi-region support for both reads and writes with low latency for a growing user base, Spanner is the most appropriate choice.

Google Cloud Documentation References:

Cloud Spanner Overview: https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/overview - This document highlights Spanner 's global scalability, strong consistency, and multi-region capabilities.

Cloud Bigtable Overview: https://cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs/overview - While scalable and low-latency, it 's a NoSQL database, which might require significant application changes.

BigQuery Overview: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/introduction - Focuses on analytics, not low-latency transactional workloads.

Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL Overview: https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/overview - While it offers scaling and regional HA, its multi-region write capabilities are not as robust as Spanner 's.

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Question 32

You need to create a custom VPC with a single subnet. The subnet’s range must be as large as possible. Which range should you use?

Options:

.00.0.0/0

10.0.0.0/8

172.16.0.0/12

192.168.0.0/16

Question 33

You have two subnets (subnet-a and subnet-b) in the default VPC. Your database servers are running in subnet-a. Your application servers and web servers are running in subnet-b. You want to configure a firewall rule that only allows database traffic from the application servers to the database servers. What should you do?

Options:

* Create service accounts sa-app and sa-db.• Associate service account: sa-app with the application servers and the service account sa-db with the database servers.• Create an ingress firewall rule to allow network traffic from source service account sa-app to target service account sa-db.

• Create network tags app-server and db-server.• Add the app-server lag lo the application servers and the db-server lag to the database servers.• Create an egress firewall rule to allow network traffic from source network tag app-server to target network tag db-server.

* Create a service account sa-app and a network tag db-server.* Associate the service account sa-app with the application servers and the network tag db-server withthe database servers.• Create an ingress firewall rule to allow network traffic from source VPC IP addresses and target the subnet-a IP addresses.

• Create a network lag app-server and service account sa-db.• Add the tag to the application servers and associate the service account with the database servers.• Create an egress firewall rule to allow network traffic from source network tag app-server to target service account sa-db.

Question 34

You have an application that receives SSL-encrypted TCP traffic on port 443. Clients for this application are located all over the world. You want to minimize latency for the clients. Which load balancing option should you use?

Options:

HTTPS Load Balancer

Network Load Balancer

SSL Proxy Load Balancer

Internal TCP/UDP Load Balancer. Add a firewall rule allowing ingress traffic from 0.0.0.0/0 on the target instances.

Question 35

You need to run an important query in BigQuery but expect it to return a lot of records. You want to find out how much it will cost to run the query. You are using on-demand pricing. What should you do?

Options:

Arrange to switch to Flat-Rate pricing for this query, then move back to on-demand.

Use the command line to run a dry run query to estimate the number of bytes read. Then convert that bytes estimate to dollars using the Pricing Calculator.

Use the command line to run a dry run query to estimate the number of bytes returned. Then convert that bytes estimate to dollars using the Pricing Calculator.

Run a select count (*) to get an idea of how many records your query will look through. Then convert that number of rows to dollars using the Pricing Calculator.

Question 36

You want to deploy an application on Cloud Run that processes messages from a Cloud Pub/Sub topic. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

Options:

1. Create a Cloud Function that uses a Cloud Pub/Sub trigger on that topic.2. Call your application on Cloud Run from the Cloud Function for every message.

1. Grant the Pub/Sub Subscriber role to the service account used by Cloud Run.2. Create a Cloud Pub/Sub subscription for that topic.3. Make your application pull messages from that subscription.

1. Create a service account.2. Give the Cloud Run Invoker role to that service account for your Cloud Run application.3. Create a Cloud Pub/Sub subscription that uses that service account and uses your Cloud Run application as the push endpoint.

1. Deploy your application on Cloud Run on GKE with the connectivity set to Internal.2. Create a Cloud Pub/Sub subscription for that topic.3. In the same Google Kubernetes Engine cluster as your application, deploy a container that takes the messages and sends them to your application.

Question 37

You want to permanently delete a Pub/Sub topic managed by Config Connector in your Google Cloud project. What should you do?

Options:

Use kubect1 to delete the topic resource.

Use gcloud CLI to delete the topic.

Use kubect1 to create the label deleted-by-cnrm and to change its value to true for the topic resource.

Use gcloud CLI to update the topic label managed-by-cnrm to false.

Question 38

You have a Google Cloud Platform account with access to both production and development projects. You need to create an automated process to list all compute instances in development and production projects on a daily basis. What should you do?

Options:

Create two configurations using gcloud config. Write a script that sets configurations as active, individually. For each configuration, use gcloud compute instances list to get a list of compute resources.

Create two configurations using gsutil config. Write a script that sets configurations as active, individually. For each configuration, use gsutil compute instances list to get a list of compute resources.

Go to Cloud Shell and export this information to Cloud Storage on a daily basis.

Go to GCP Console and export this information to Cloud SQL on a daily basis.

Question 39

Your company runs one batch process in an on-premises server that takes around 30 hours to complete. The task runs monthly, can be performed offline, and must be restarted if interrupted. You want to migrate this workload to the cloud while minimizing cost. What should you do?

Options:

Migrate the workload to a Compute Engine Preemptible VM.

Migrate the workload to a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster with Preemptible nodes.

Migrate the workload to a Compute Engine VM. Start and stop the instance as needed.

Create an Instance Template with Preemptible VMs On. Create a Managed Instance Group from the template and adjust Target CPU Utilization. Migrate the workload.

Question 40

You have a virtual machine that is currently configured with 2 vCPUs and 4 GB of memory. It is running out of memory. You want to upgrade the virtual machine to have 8 GB of memory. What should you do?

Options:

Rely on live migration to move the workload to a machine with more memory.

Use gcloud to add metadata to the VM. Set the key to required-memory-size and the value to 8 GB.

Stop the VM, change the machine type to n1-standard-8, and start the VM.

Stop the VM, increase the memory to 8 GB, and start the VM.

Question 41

Your company stores data from multiple sources that have different data storage requirements. These data include:

1. Customer data that is structured and read with complex queries

2. Historical log data that is large in volume and accessed infrequently

3. Real-time sensor data with high-velocity writes, which needs to be available for analysis but can tolerate some data loss

You need to design the most cost-effective storage solution that fulfills all data storage requirements. What should you do?

Options:

Use Spanner for all data.

Use Cloud SQL for customer data, Cloud Storage (Coldline) for historical logs, and BigQuery for sensor data.

Use Cloud SQL for customer data, Cloud Storage (Archive) for historical logs, and Bigtable for sensor data.

Use Firestore for customer data, Cloud Storage (Nearline) for historical logs, and Bigtable for sensor data.

Question 42

The storage costs for your application logs have far exceeded the project budget. The logs are currently being retained indefinitely in the Cloud Storage bucket myapp-gcp-ace-logs. You have been asked to remove logs older than 90 days from your Cloud Storage bucket. You want to optimize ongoing Cloud Storage spend. What should you do?

Options:

Write a script that runs gsutil Is -| – gs://myapp-gcp-ace-logs/ to find and remove items older than 90 days. Schedule the script with cron.

Write a lifecycle management rule in JSON and push it to the bucket with gsutil lifecycle set config-json-file.

Write a lifecycle management rule in XML and push it to the bucket with gsutil lifecycle set config-xml-file.

Write a script that runs gsutil Is -Ir gs://myapp-gcp-ace-logs/ to find and remove items older than 90 days. Repeat this process every morning.

Answer:

Explanation:

You write a lifecycle management rule in XML and push it to the bucket with gsutil lifecycle set config-xml-file. is not right.

gsutil lifecycle set enables you to set the lifecycle configuration on one or more buckets based on the configuration file provided. However, XML is not a valid supported type for the configuration file.

Ref: https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/gsutil/commands/lifecycle

Write a script that runs gsutil ls -lr gs://myapp-gcp-ace-logs/ to find and remove items older than 90 days. Repeat this process every morning. is not right.

This manual approach is error-prone, time-consuming and expensive. GCP Cloud Storage provides lifecycle management rules that let you achieve this with minimal effort.

Write a script that runs gsutil ls -l gs://myapp-gcp-ace-logs/ to find and remove items older than 90 days. Schedule the script with cron. is not right.

This manual approach is error-prone, time-consuming and expensive. GCP Cloud Storage provides lifecycle management rules that let you achieve this with minimal effort.

Write a lifecycle management rule in JSON and push it to the bucket with gsutil lifecycle set config-json-file. is the right answer.

You can assign a lifecycle management configuration to a bucket. The configuration contains a set of rules which apply to current and future objects in the bucket. When an object meets the criteria of one of the rules, Cloud Storage automatically performs a specified action on the object. One of the supported actions is to Delete objects. You can set up a lifecycle management to delete objects older than 90 days. gsutil lifecycle set enables you to set the lifecycle configuration on the bucket based on the configuration file. JSON is the only supported type for the configuration file. The config-json-file specified on the command line should be a path to a local file containing the lifecycle configuration JSON document.

Ref: https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/gsutil/commands/lifecycle

Ref: https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/lifecycle

Question 43

You have an application that runs on Compute Engine VM instances in a custom Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). Your company's security policies only allow the use to internal IP addresses on VM instances and do not let VM instances connect to the internet. You need to ensure that the application can access a file hosted in a Cloud Storage bucket within your project. What should you do?

Options:

Enable Private Service Access on the Cloud Storage Bucket.

Add slorage.googleapis.com to the list of restricted services in a VPC Service Controls perimeter and add your project to the list to protected projects.

Enable Private Google Access on the subnet within the custom VPC.

Deploy a Cloud NAT instance and route the traffic to the dedicated IP address of the Cloud Storage bucket.

Question 44

Your web application has been running successfully on Cloud Run for Anthos. You want to evaluate an updated version of the application with a specific percentage of your production users (canary deployment). What should you do?

Options:

Create a new service with the new version of the application. Split traffic between this version and the version that is currently running.

Create a new revision with the new version of the application. Split traffic between this version and the version that is currently running.

Create a new service with the new version of the application. Add an HTTP Load Balancer in front of both services.

Create a new revision with the new version of the application. Add an HTTP Load Balancer in front of both revisions.

Question 45

You are developing a new application and are looking for a Jenkins installation to build and deploy your source code. You want to automate the installation as quickly and easily as possible. What should you do?

Options:

Deploy Jenkins through the Google Cloud Marketplace.

Create a new Compute Engine instance. Run the Jenkins executable.

Create a new Kubernetes Engine cluster. Create a deployment for the Jenkins image.

Create an instance template with the Jenkins executable. Create a managed instance group with this template.

Question 46

You want to find out when users were added to Cloud Spanner Identity Access Management (IAM) roles on your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) project. What should you do in the GCP Console?

Options:

Open the Cloud Spanner console to review configurations.

Open the IAM & admin console to review IAM policies for Cloud Spanner roles.

Go to the Stackdriver Monitoring console and review information for Cloud Spanner.

Go to the Stackdriver Logging console, review admin activity logs, and filter them for Cloud Spanner IAM roles.

Question 47

(You manage a VPC network in Google Cloud with a subnet that is rapidly approaching its private IP address capacity. You expect the number of Compute Engine VM instances in the same region to double within a week. You need to implement a Google-recommended solution that minimizes operational costs and does not require downtime. What should you do?)

Options:

Create a second VPC with the same subnet IP range, and connect this VPC to the existing VPC by using VPC Network Peering.

Delete the existing subnet, and create a new subnet with double the IP range available.

Use the Google Cloud CLI tool to expand the primary IP range of your subnet.

Permit additional traffic from the expected range of private IP addresses to reach your VMs by configuring firewall rules.

Answer:

Explanation:

Comprehensive and Detailed In Depth Explanation:

The problem states that a subnet is nearing its IP address capacity, and the requirement is to expand it without downtime and with minimal operational cost, following Google-recommended practices.

A. Creating a second VPC with the same subnet IP range and peering: While VPC Network Peering allows communication between VPCs, having overlapping IP ranges is generally not recommended and can lead to routing complexities if not managed carefully. It also adds operational overhead of managing two VPCs. This is not the most straightforward or cost-effective solution for simply expanding IP capacity within the same logical network.

B. Deleting and recreating the subnet: Deleting a subnet that contains active VM instances will cause downtime for those instances, violating a key requirement.

C. Using the Google Cloud CLI tool to expand the primary IP range of your subnet: Google Cloud allows you to expand the primary IP range of an existing subnet after it's created, as long as there are no conflicting subnets in the VPC. This operation does not require deleting the subnet or restarting the existing VMs within it, thus avoiding downtime. It's a direct and cost-effective way to increase the available IP address space within the existing subnet. This is a Google-recommended practice for handling subnet capacity issues.

D. Permitting additional traffic with firewall rules: Firewall rules control network traffic based on IP ranges, protocols, and ports. They do not increase the number of available private IP addresses within the subnet. This option does not address the core issue of IP address exhaustion.

Therefore, expanding the primary IP range of the existing subnet using the Google Cloud CLI is the recommended solution that meets all the requirements: addressing IP capacity, minimizing operational costs, and avoiding downtime.

Google Cloud Documentation References:

Expanding Subnet IP Ranges: https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/expand-subnet - This documentation explicitly describes how to expand the IP range of an existing subnet without downtime. It outlines the prerequisites and steps involved using the gcloud CLI or the Google Cloud Console.

VPC Network Overview: https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/vpc - Provides context on subnet IP ranges and their management.

===========

Question 48

You are using Container Registry to centrally store your company’s container images in a separate project. In another project, you want to create a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster. You want to ensure that Kubernetes can download images from Container Registry. What should you do?

Options:

In the project where the images are stored, grant the Storage Object Viewer IAM role to the service account used by the Kubernetes nodes.

When you create the GKE cluster, choose the Allow full access to all Cloud APIs option under ‘Access scopes’.

Create a service account, and give it access to Cloud Storage. Create a P12 key for this service account and use it as an imagePullSecrets in Kubernetes.

Configure the ACLs on each image in Cloud Storage to give read-only access to the default Compute Engine service account.

Question 49

Your team maintains the infrastructure for your organization. The current infrastructure requires changes. You need to share your proposed changes with the rest of the team. You want to follow Google’s recommended best practices. What should you do?

Options:

Use Deployment Manager templates to describe the proposed changes and store them in a Cloud Storage bucket.

Use Deployment Manager templates to describe the proposed changes and store them in Cloud Source Repositories.

Apply the change in a development environment, run gcloud compute instances list, and then save the output in a shared Storage bucket.

Apply the change in a development environment, run gcloud compute instances list, and then save the output in Cloud Source Repositories.

Question 50

You have a web application deployed as a managed instance group. You have a new version of the application to gradually deploy. Your web application is currently receiving live web traffic. You want to ensure that the available capacity does not decrease during the deployment. What should you do?

Options:

Perform a rolling-action start-update with maxSurge set to 0 and maxUnavailable set to 1.

Perform a rolling-action start-update with maxSurge set to 1 and maxUnavailable set to 0.

Create a new managed instance group with an updated instance template. Add the group to the backend service for the load balancer. When all instances in the new managed instance group are healthy, delete the old managed instance group.

Create a new instance template with the new application version. Update the existing managed instance group with the new instance template. Delete the instances in the managed instance group to allow the managed instance group to recreate the instance using the new instance template.

Question 51

You want to add a new auditor to a Google Cloud Platform project. The auditor should be allowed to read, but not modify, all project items.

How should you configure the auditor's permissions?

Options:

Create a custom role with view-only project permissions. Add the user's account to the custom role.

Create a custom role with view-only service permissions. Add the user's account to the custom role.

Select the built-in IAM project Viewer role. Add the user's account to this role.

Select the built-in IAM service Viewer role. Add the user's account to this role.

Question 52

Your company is moving from an on-premises environment to Google Cloud Platform (GCP). You have multiple development teams that use Cassandra environments as backend databases. They all need a development environment that is isolated from other Cassandra instances. You want to move to GCP quickly and with minimal support effort. What should you do?

Options:

1. Build an instruction guide to install Cassandra on GCP.2. Make the instruction guide accessible to your developers.

1. Advise your developers to go to Cloud Marketplace.2. Ask the developers to launch a Cassandra image for their development work.

1. Build a Cassandra Compute Engine instance and take a snapshot of it.2. Use the snapshot to create instances for your developers.

1. Build a Cassandra Compute Engine instance and take a snapshot of it.2.Upload the snapshot to Cloud Storage and make it accessible to your developers.3.Build instructions to create a Compute Engine instance from the snapshot so that developers can do it themselves.

Question 53

(Your company is modernizing its applications and refactoring them to containerized microservices. You need to deploy the infrastructure on Google Cloud so that teams can deploy their applications. The applications cannot be exposed publicly. You want to minimize management and operational overhead. What should you do?)

Options:

Provision a Standard zonal Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster.

Provision a fleet of Compute Engine instances and install Kubernetes.

Provision a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) Autopilot cluster.

Provision a Standard regional Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster.

Question 54

Your team is using Linux instances on Google Cloud. You need to ensure that your team logs in to these instances in the most secure and cost efficient way. What should you do?

Options:

Attach a public IP to the instances and allow incoming connections from the internet on port 22 for SSH.

Use a third party tool to provide remote access to the instances.

Use the gcloud compute ssh command with the --tunnel-through-iap flag. Allow ingress traffic from the IP range 35.235.240.0/20 on port 22.

Create a bastion host with public internet access. Create the SSH tunnel to the instance through the bastion host.

Question 55

You are planning to migrate a database and a backend application to a Standard Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster. You need to prevent data loss and make sure there are enough nodes available for your backend application based on the demands of your workloads. You want to follow Google-recommended practices and minimize the amount of manual work required. What should you do?

Options:

Run your database as a StatefulSet. Configure cluster autoscaling to handle changes in the demands of your workloads.

Run your database as a single Pod. Run the resize command when you notice changes in the demands of your workloads.

Run your database as a Deployment. Configure cluster autoscaling to handle changes in the demands of your workloads.

Run your database as a DaemonSet. Run the resize command when you notice changes in the demands of your workloads.

Question 56

Your company developed a mobile game that is deployed on Google Cloud. Gamers are connecting to the game with their personal phones over the Internet. The game sends UDP packets to update the servers about the gamers' actions while they are playing in multiplayer mode. Your game backend can scale over multiple virtual machines (VMs), and you want to expose the VMs over a single IP address. What should you do?

Options:

Configure an SSL Proxy load balancer in front of the application servers.

Configure an Internal UDP load balancer in front of the application servers.

Configure an External HTTP(s) load balancer in front of the application servers.

Configure an External Network load balancer in front of the application servers.

Question 57

You have developed an application that consists of multiple microservices, with each microservice packaged in its own Docker container image. You want to deploy the entire application on Google Kubernetes Engine so that each microservice can be scaled individually. What should you do?

Options:

Create and deploy a Custom Resource Definition per microservice.

Create and deploy a Docker Compose File.

Create and deploy a Job per microservice.

Create and deploy a Deployment per microservice.

Question 58

Your company uses BigQuery for data warehousing. Over time, many different business units in your company have created 1000+ datasets across hundreds of projects. Your CIO wants you to examine all datasets to find tables that contain an employee_ssn column. You want to minimize effort in performing this task. What should you do?

Options:

Go to Data Catalog and search for employee_ssn in the search box.

Write a shell script that uses the bq command line tool to loop through all the projects in your organization.

Write a script that loops through all the projects in your organization and runs a query on INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS view to find the employee_ssn column.

Write a Cloud Dataflow job that loops through all the projects in your organization and runs a query on INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS view to find employee_ssn column.

Question 59

You installed the Google Cloud CLI on your workstation and set the proxy configuration. However, you are worried that your proxy credentials will be recorded in the gcloud CLI logs. You want to prevent your proxy credentials from being logged What should you do?

Options:

Configure username and password by using gcloud configure set proxy/username and gcloud configure set proxy/ proxy/password commands.

Encode username and password in sha256 encoding, and save it to a text file. Use filename as a value in the gcloud configure set core/custom_ca_certs_file command.

Provide values for CLOUDSDK_USERNAME and CLOUDSDK_PASSWORD in the gcloud CLI tool configure file.

Set the CLOUDSDK_PROXY_USERNAME and CLOUDSDK_PROXY PASSWORD properties by using environment variables in your command line tool.

Question 60

You have just created a new project which will be used to deploy a globally distributed application. You will use Cloud Spanner for data storage. You want to create a Cloud Spanner instance. You want to perform the first step in preparation of creating the instance. What should you do?

Options:

Grant yourself the IAM role of Cloud Spanner Admin

Create a new VPC network with subnetworks in all desired regions

Configure your Cloud Spanner instance to be multi-regional

Enable the Cloud Spanner API

Question 61

Your team is running an on-premises ecommerce application. The application contains a complex set of microservices written in Python, and each microservice is running on Docker containers. Configurations are injected by using environment variables. You need to deploy your current application to a serverless Google Cloud cloud solution. What should you do?

Options:

Use your existing CI/CD pipeline Use the generated Docker images and deploy them to Cloud Run. Update the configurations and the required endpoints.

Use your existing continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) pipeline. Use the generated Docker images and deploy them to Cloud Function. Use the same configuration as on-premises.

Use the existing codebase and deploy each service as a separate Cloud Function Update the configurations and the required endpoints.

Use your existing codebase and deploy each service as a separate Cloud Run Use the same configurations as on-premises.

Question 62

You created a Kubernetes deployment by running kubectl run nginx image=nginx labels=app=prod. Your Kubernetes cluster is also used by a number of other deployments. How can you find the identifier of the pods for this nginx deployment?

Options:

kubectl get deployments –output=pods

gcloud get pods –selector=”app=prod”

kubectl get pods -I “app=prod”

gcloud list gke-deployments -filter={pod }

Question 63

Every employee of your company has a Google account. Your operational team needs to manage a large number of instances on Compute Engine. Each member of this team needs only administrative access to the servers. Your security team wants to ensure that the deployment of credentials is operationally efficient and must be able to determine who accessed a given instance. What should you do?

Options:

Generate a new SSH key pair. Give the private key to each member of your team. Configure the public key in the metadata of each instance.

Ask each member of the team to generate a new SSH key pair and to send you their public key. Use a configuration management tool to deploy those keys on each instance.

Ask each member of the team to generate a new SSH key pair and to add the public key to their Google account. Grant the “compute.osAdminLogin” role to the Google group corresponding to this team.

Generate a new SSH key pair. Give the private key to each member of your team. Configure the public key as a project-wide public SSH key in your Cloud Platform project and allow project-wide public SSH keys on each instance.

Question 64

You have a workload running on Compute Engine that is critical to your business. You want to ensure that the data on the boot disk of this workload is backed up regularly. You need to be able to restore a backup as quickly as possible in case of disaster. You also want older backups to be cleaned automatically to save on cost. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

Options:

Create a Cloud Function to create an instance template.

Create a snapshot schedule for the disk using the desired interval.

Create a cron job to create a new disk from the disk using gcloud.

Create a Cloud Task to create an image and export it to Cloud Storage.

Question 65

You have production and test workloads that you want to deploy on Compute Engine. Production VMs need to be in a different subnet than the test VMs. All the VMs must be able to reach each other over internal IP without creating additional routes. You need to set up VPC and the 2 subnets. Which configuration meets these requirements?

Options:

Create a single custom VPC with 2 subnets. Create each subnet in a different region and with a different CIDR range.

Create a single custom VPC with 2 subnets. Create each subnet in the same region and with the same CIDR range.

Create 2 custom VPCs, each with a single subnet. Create each subnet is a different region and with a different CIDR range.

Create 2 custom VPCs, each with a single subnet. Create each subnet in the same region and with the same CIDR range.

Question 66

You need to set a budget alert for use of Compute Engineer services on one of the three Google Cloud Platform projects that you manage. All three projects are linked to a single billing account. What should you do?

Options:

Verify that you are the project billing administrator. Select the associated billing account and create a budget and alert for the appropriate project.

Verify that you are the project billing administrator. Select the associated billing account and create a budget and a custom alert.

Verify that you are the project administrator. Select the associated billing account and create a budget for the appropriate project.

Verify that you are project administrator. Select the associated billing account and create a budget and a custom alert.

Question 67

You have several hundred microservice applications running in a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster. Each microservice is a deployment with resource limits configured for each container in the deployment. You've observed that the resource limits for memory and CPU are not appropriately set for many of the microservices. You want to ensure that each microservice has right sized limits for memory and CPU. What should you do?

Options:

Modify the cluster's node pool machine type and choose a machine type with more memory and CPU.

Configure a Horizontal Pod Autoscaler for each microservice.

Configure GKE cluster autoscaling.

Configure a Vertical Pod Autoscaler for each microservice.

Question 68

Your company uses BigQuery to store and analyze data. Upon submitting your query in BigQuery, the query fails with a quotaExceeded error. You need to diagnose the issue causing the error. What should you do?

Choose 2 answers

Options:

Search errors in Cloud Audit Logs to analyze the issue.

Configure Cloud Trace to analyze the issue.

View errors in Cloud Monitoring to analyze the issue.

Use the information schema views to analyze the underlying issue.

Use BigQuery Bl Engine to analyze the issue.

Question 69

Your company has a single sign-on (SSO) identity provider that supports Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) integration with service providers. Your company has users in Cloud Identity. You would like users to authenticate using your company’s SSO provider. What should you do?

Options:

In Cloud Identity, set up SSO with Google as an identity provider to access custom SAML apps.

In Cloud Identity, set up SSO with a third-party identity provider with Google as a service provider.

Obtain OAuth 2.0 credentials, configure the user consent screen, and set up OAuth 2.0 for Mobile & Desktop Apps.

Obtain OAuth 2.0 credentials, configure the user consent screen, and set up OAuth 2.0 for Web Server Applications.

Question 70

Your customer wants you to create a secure website with autoscaling based on the compute instance CPU load. You want to enhance performance by storing static content in Cloud Storage. Which resources are needed to distribute the user traffic?

Options:

An internal HTTP(S) load balancer together with Identity-Aware Proxy to allow only HTTPS traffic.

An external HTTP(S) load balancer to distribute the load and a URL map to target the requests for the static content to the Cloud Storage backend. Install the HTTPS certificates on the instance.

An external HTTP(S) load balancer with a managed SSL certificate to distribute the load and a URL map to target the requests for the static content to the Cloud Storage backend.

An external network load balancer pointing to the backend instances to distribute the load evenly. The web servers will forward the request to the Cloud Storage as needed.

Answer:

Explanation:

An external HTTP(S) load balancer is a Google-recommended solution for distributing web traffic across multiple regions and zones, and providing high availability, scalability, and security for web applications. It supports both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, and can handle SSL/TLS termination and encryption. It also integrates with Cloud CDN, Cloud Armor, and Cloud Identity-Aware Proxy for enhanced performance and protection. A managed instance group (MIG) can be used as a backend service for the HTTP(S) load balancer, and can automatically scale the number of VM instances based on the CPU load. A Cloud Storage bucket can also be used as a backend service for the HTTP(S) load balancer, and can serve static content such as images, videos, or HTML files. A URL map can be used to route requests to different backend services based on the path or host of the request. For example, a URL map can send requests for /static/* to the Cloud Storage bucket, and requests for /dynamic/* to the MIG. A managed SSL certificate can be used to secure the connection between the clients and the load balancer, and can be automatically provisioned and renewed by Google.

A is incorrect because an internal HTTP(S) load balancer is only visible within a VPC network, and not to the public internet. It is used for internal applications that need to communicate with other internal services. Identity-Aware Proxy is a service that provides secure access to web applications without using a VPN. It is not a load balancer, and it does not distribute user traffic.

B is incorrect because installing HTTPS certificates on the instance is not necessary, as the HTTP(S) load balancer can handle SSL/TLS termination and encryption. It is also more complex and less secure to manage the certificates on the instance level, as they need to be updated and synchronized across multiple instances.

D is incorrect because an external network load balancer is a TCP/UDP load balancer that operates at the network layer. It is not suitable for web applications that use HTTP(S) protocols, as it does not support SSL/TLS termination and encryption, URL maps, or Cloud Storage backends. It is also less efficient and scalable to forward the requests to the Cloud Storage from the web servers, as it adds an extra hop and latency.

HTTP(S) Load Balancing documentation

Setting up HTTP(S) Load Balancing with Cloud Storage

Creating and using SSL certificates

Choosing a load balancer

Question 71

You want to run a single caching HTTP reverse proxy on GCP for a latency-sensitive website. This specific reverse proxy consumes almost no CPU. You want to have a 30-GB in-memory cache, and need an additional 2 GB of memory for the rest of the processes. You want to minimize cost. How should you run this reverse proxy?

Options:

Create a Cloud Memorystore for Redis instance with 32-GB capacity.

Run it on Compute Engine, and choose a custom instance type with 6 vCPUs and 32 GB of memory.

Package it in a container image, and run it on Kubernetes Engine, using n1-standard-32 instances as nodes.

Run it on Compute Engine, choose the instance type n1-standard-1, and add an SSD persistent disk of 32 GB.

Question 72

You are monitoring an application and receive user feedback that a specific error is spiking. You notice that the error is caused by a Service Account having insufficient permissions. You are able to solve the problem but want to be notified if the problem recurs. What should you do?

Options:

In the Log Viewer, filter the logs on severity 'Error' and the name of the Service Account.

Create a sink to BigQuery to export all the logs. Create a Data Studio dashboard on the exported logs.

Create a custom log-based metric for the specific error to be used in an Alerting Policy.

Grant Project Owner access to the Service Account.

Question 73

Your company has a large quantity of unstructured data in different file formats. You want to perform ETL transformations on the data. You need to make the data accessible on Google Cloud so it can be processed by a Dataflow job. What should you do?

Options:

Upload the data to BigQuery using the bq command line tool.

Upload the data to Cloud Storage using the gsutil command line tool.

Upload the data into Cloud SQL using the import function in the console.

Upload the data into Cloud Spanner using the import function in the console.

Question 74

You are running an application on multiple virtual machines within a managed instance group and have autoscaling enabled. The autoscaling policy is configured so that additional instances are added to the group if the CPU utilization of instances goes above 80%. VMs are added until the instance group reaches its maximum limit of five VMs or until CPU utilization of instances lowers to 80%. The initial delay for HTTP health checks against the instances is set to 30 seconds. The virtual machine instances take around three minutes to become available for users. You observe that when the instance group autoscales, it adds more instances then necessary to support the levels of end-user traffic. You want to properly maintain instance group sizes when autoscaling. What should you do?

Options:

Set the maximum number of instances to 1.

Decrease the maximum number of instances to 3.

Use a TCP health check instead of an HTTP health check.

Increase the initial delay of the HTTP health check to 200 seconds.

Question 75

You need a dynamic way of provisioning VMs on Compute Engine. The exact specifications will be in a dedicated configuration file. You want to follow Google’s recommended practices. Which method should you use?

Options:

Deployment Manager

Cloud Composer

Managed Instance Group

Unmanaged Instance Group

Question 76

You have two Google Cloud projects: project-a with VPC vpc-a (10.0.0.0/16) and project-b with VPC vpc-b (10.8.0.0/16). Your frontend application resides in vpc-a and the backend API services ate deployed in vpc-b. You need to efficiently and cost-effectively enable communication between these Google Cloud projects. You also want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

Options:

Configure a Cloud Router in vpc-a and another Cloud Router in vpc-b.

Configure a Cloud Interconnect connection between vpc-a and vpc-b.

Create VPC Network Peering between vpc-a and vpc-b.

Create an OpenVPN connection between vpc-a and vpc-b.

Question 77

You built an application on your development laptop that uses Google Cloud services. Your application uses Application Default Credentials for authentication and works fine on your development laptop. You want to migrate this application to a Compute Engine virtual machine (VM) and set up authentication using Google- recommended practices and minimal changes. What should you do?

Options:

Assign appropriate access for Google services to the service account used by the Compute Engine VM.

Create a service account with appropriate access for Google services, and configure the application to use this account.

Store credentials for service accounts with appropriate access for Google services in a config file, and deploy this config file with your application.

Store credentials for your user account with appropriate access for Google services in a config file, and deploy this config file with your application.

Question 78

You are migrating a production-critical on-premises application that requires 96 vCPUs to perform its task. You want to make sure the application runs in a similar environment on GCP. What should you do?

Options:

When creating the VM, use machine type n1-standard-96.

When creating the VM, use Intel Skylake as the CPU platform.

Create the VM using Compute Engine default settings. Use gcloud to modify the running instance to have 96 vCPUs.

Start the VM using Compute Engine default settings, and adjust as you go based on Rightsizing Recommendations.

Question 79

You recently received a new Google Cloud project with an attached billing account where you will work. You need to create instances, set firewalls, and store data in Cloud Storage. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

Options:

Use the gcloud CLI services enablecloudresourcemanager.googleapis.comcommand to enable all resources.

Use the gcloud services enablecompute.googleapis.comcommand to enable Compute Engineand thegcloud services enablestorage-api.googleapis.comcommand to enable the Cloud Storage APIs.

Open the Google Cloud console and enable all Google Cloud APIs from the API dashboard.

Open the Google Cloud console and run gcloud init --project in a Cloud Shell.

Question 80

You are developing an application that will be deployed on Google Cloud. The application will use a service account to retrieve data from BigGuery. Before you deploy your application, you want to test the permissions of this service account from your local machine to ensure there will be no authentication issues. You want to ensure that you use the most secure method while following Google-recommended practices What should you do?

Options:

Configure the gcloud CLI with Application Default Credentials using your user account. Issue a relevant BigGuery request through the gcloud CLI to test the access.

Grant the service account the BlgQuery Administrator 1AM role to ensure the service account has all required access.

Generate a service account key, and configure the gcloud CLI to use this key. Issue a relevant BlgQuery request through the gcloud CLI to test the access.

Configure the gcloud CLI to use service account impersonation. Issue a relevant BigQuery request through the gcloud CLI to test the access.

Question 81

Your company runs its Linux workloads on Compute Engine instances. Your company will be working with a new operations partner that does not use Google Accounts. You need to grant access to the instances to your operations partner so they can maintain the installed tooling. What should you do?

Options:

Enable Cloud IAP for the Compute Engine instances, and add the operations partner as a Cloud IAP Tunnel User.

Tag all the instances with the same network tag. Create a firewall rule in the VPC to grant TCP access on port 22 for traffic from the operations partner to instances with the network tag.

Set up Cloud VPN between your Google Cloud VPC and the internal network of the operations partner.

Ask the operations partner to generate SSH key pairs, and add the public keys to the VM instances.

Question 82

You need to grant access for three users so that they can view and edit table data on a Cloud Spanner instance. What should you do?

Options:

Run gcloud iam roles describe roles/spanner.databaseUser. Add the users to the role.

Run gcloud iam roles describe roles/spanner.databaseUser. Add the users to a new group. Add the group to the role.

Run gcloud iam roles describe roles/spanner.viewer --project my-project. Add the users to the role.

Run gcloud iam roles describe roles/spanner.viewer --project my-project. Add the users to a new group. Add the group to the role.

Question 83

Your customer has implemented a solution that uses Cloud Spanner and notices some read latency-related performance issues on one table. This table is accessed only by their users using a primary key. The table schema is shown below.

Question # 83

You want to resolve the issue. What should you do?

Question # 83

Options:

Option A

Option B

Option C

Option D

Question 84

Your development team needs a new Jenkins server for their project. You need to deploy the server using the fewest steps possible. What should you do?

Options:

Download and deploy the Jenkins Java WAR to App Engine Standard.

Create a new Compute Engine instance and install Jenkins through the command line interface.

Create a Kubernetes cluster on Compute Engine and create a deployment with the Jenkins Docker image.

Use GCP Marketplace to launch the Jenkins solution.

Question 85

Your organization has strict requirements to control access to Google Cloud projects. You need to enable your Site Reliability Engineers (SREs) to approve requests from the Google Cloud support team when an SRE opens a support case. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?

Options:

Add your SREs to roles/iam.roleAdmin role.

Add your SREs to roles/accessapproval approver role.

Add your SREs to a group and then add this group to roles/iam roleAdmin role.

Add your SREs to a group and then add this group to roles/accessapproval approver role.

Question 86

Your organization has user identities in Active Directory. Your organization wants to use Active Directory as their source of truth for identities. Your organization wants to have full control over the Google accounts used by employees for all Google services, including your Google Cloud Platform (GCP) organization. What should you do?

Options:

Use Google Cloud Directory Sync (GCDS) to synchronize users into Cloud Identity.

Use the cloud Identity APIs and write a script to synchronize users to Cloud Identity.

Export users from Active Directory as a CSV and import them to Cloud Identity via the Admin Console.

Ask each employee to create a Google account using self signup. Require that each employee use their company email address and password.

Question 87

You are building a pipeline to process time-series data. Which Google Cloud Platform services should you put in boxes 1,2,3, and 4?

Question # 87

Options:

Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Dataflow, Cloud Datastore, BigQuery

Firebase Messages, Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Spanner, BigQuery

Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Storage, BigQuery, Cloud Bigtable

Cloud Pub/Sub, Cloud Dataflow, Cloud Bigtable, BigQuery

Question 88

You have a number of compute instances belonging to an unmanaged instances group. You need to SSH to one of the Compute Engine instances to run an ad hoc script. You’ve already authenticated gcloud, however, you don’t have an SSH key deployed yet. In the fewest steps possible, what’s the easiest way to SSH to the instance?

Options:

Run gcloud compute instances list to get the IP address of the instance, then use the ssh command.

Use the gcloud compute ssh command.

Create a key with the ssh-keygen command. Then use the gcloud compute ssh command.

Create a key with the ssh-keygen command. Upload the key to the instance. Run gcloud compute instances list to get the IP address of the instance, then use the ssh command.

Question 89

You need to deploy a third-party software application onto a single Compute Engine VM instance. The application requires the highest speed read and write disk access for the internal database. You need to ensure the instance will recover on failure. What should you do?

Options:

Create an instance template. Set the disk type to be an SSD Persistent Disk. Launch the instance template as part of a stateful managed instance group.

Create an instance template. Set the disk type to be an SSD Persistent Disk. Launch the instance template as part of a stateless managed instance group.

Create an instance template. Set the disk type to be Hyperdisk Extreme. Launch the instance template as part of a stateful managed instance group.

Create an instance template. Set the disk type to be Hyperdisk Extreme. Launch the instance template as part of a stateless managed instance group.

Question 90

You are analyzing Google Cloud Platform service costs from three separate projects. You want to use this information to create service cost estimates by service type, daily and monthly, for the next six months using standard query syntax. What should you do?

Options:

Export your bill to a Cloud Storage bucket, and then import into Cloud Bigtable for analysis.

Export your bill to a Cloud Storage bucket, and then import into Google Sheets for analysis.

Export your transactions to a local file, and perform analysis with a desktop tool.

Export your bill to a BigQuery dataset, and then write time window-based SQL queries for analysis.

Question 91

Your learn wants to deploy a specific content management system (CMS) solution lo Google Cloud. You need a quick and easy way to deploy and install the solution. What should you do?

Options:

Search for the CMS solution in Google Cloud Marketplace. Use gcloud CLI to deploy the solution.

Search for the CMS solution in Google Cloud Marketplace. Deploy the solution directly from Cloud Marketplace.

Search for the CMS solution in Google Cloud Marketplace. Use Terraform and the Cloud Marketplace ID to deploy the solution with the appropriate parameters.

Use the installation guide of the CMS provider. Perform the installation through your configuration management system.

Question 92

You are using Google Kubernetes Engine with autoscaling enabled to host a new application. You want to expose this new application to the public, using HTTPS on a public IP address. What should you do?

Options:

Create a Kubernetes Service of type NodePort for your application, and a Kubernetes Ingress to expose this Service via a Cloud Load Balancer.

Create a Kubernetes Service of type ClusterIP for your application. Configure the public DNS name of your application using the IP of this Service.

Create a Kubernetes Service of type NodePort to expose the application on port 443 of each node of the Kubernetes cluster. Configure the public DNS name of your application with the IP of every node of the cluster to achieve load-balancing.

Create a HAProxy pod in the cluster to load-balance the traffic to all the pods of the application. Forward the public traffic to HAProxy with an iptable rule. Configure the DNS name of your application using the public IP of the node HAProxy is running on.

Question 93

You are creating a Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) cluster with a cluster autoscaler feature enabled. You need to make sure that each node of the cluster will run a monitoring pod that sends container metrics to a third-party monitoring solution. What should you do?

Options:

Deploy the monitoring pod in a StatefulSet object.

Deploy the monitoring pod in a DaemonSet object.

Reference the monitoring pod in a Deployment object.

Reference the monitoring pod in a cluster initializer at the GKE cluster creation time.

Question 94

(Your digital media company stores a large number of video files on-premises. Each video file ranges from 100 MB to 100 GB. You are currently storing 150 TB of video data in your on-premises network, with no room for expansion. You need to migrate all infrequently accessed video files older than one year to Cloud Storage to ensure that on-premises storage remains available for new files. You must also minimize costs and control bandwidth usage. What should you do?)

Options:

Create a Cloud Storage bucket. Establish an Identity and Access Management (IAM) role with write permissions to the bucket. Use the gsutil tool to directly copy files over the network to Cloud Storage.

Set up a Cloud Interconnect connection between the on-premises network and Google Cloud. Establish a private endpoint for Filestore access. Transfer the data from the existing Network File System (NFS) to Filestore.

Use Transfer Appliance to request an appliance. Load the data locally, and ship the appliance back to Google for ingestion into Cloud Storage.

Use Storage Transfer Service to move the data from the selected on-premises file storage systems to a Cloud Storage bucket.

Answer:

Explanation:

Let's analyze each option:

A. Using gsutil: While gsutil can transfer data to Cloud Storage, for 150 TB of infrequently accessed data, direct transfer over the network might be slow and consume significant bandwidth, potentially impacting other network operations. It also lacks built-in mechanisms for filtering files based on age.

B. Using Cloud Interconnect and Filestore: Cloud Interconnect provides a dedicated connection, but Filestore is a fully managed NFS service primarily designed for high-performance file sharing for applications running in Google Cloud. Migrating 150 TB of infrequently accessed data to Filestore would be cost-inefficient compared to Cloud Storage and doesn't directly address the requirement of moving older than one year files.

C. Using Transfer Appliance: Transfer Appliance is suitable for very large datasets (petabytes) or when network connectivity is poor or unreliable. While it addresses bandwidth concerns, it involves a physical appliance and might be an overkill for 150 TB of data, especially if network connectivity is reasonable.

D. Using Storage Transfer Service: Storage Transfer Service is specifically designed for moving large amounts of data between online storage systems, including on-premises file systems and Cloud Storage. It offers features like filtering by file age, scheduling transfers, and bandwidth control, directly addressing all the requirements of the question: migrating infrequently accessed files older than one year to Cloud Storage, minimizing costs (by using appropriate Cloud Storage classes for infrequent access), and controlling bandwidth usage.

Google Cloud Documentation References:

Storage Transfer Service Overview: https://cloud.google.com/storage-transfer-service/docs/overview - This page details the capabilities and use cases of Storage Transfer Service, including transferring from on-premises.

Storage Transfer Service for on-premises data: https://cloud.google.com/storage-transfer-service/docs/on-prem-overview - This specifically covers transferring data from on-premises file systems.

Cloud Storage Classes: https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/storage-classes - Understanding the different storage classes (Standard, Nearline, Coldline, Archive) is crucial for cost optimization of infrequently accessed data. Storage Transfer Service can be configured to move data to a cost-effective class like Nearline or Coldline.

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Question 95

Your company plans to migrate its on-premises PostgreSQL database to Google Cloud. The workloads are demanding, requiring fast transactional and analytical performance. You need to select a fully managed database service on Google Cloud. Your solution must also be able to synchronously replicate and optimize the storage layer. What should you do?

Options:

Use the psql client installed on a Compute Engine Instance. Connect to the Cloud SQL instance to perform the database migration.

Migrate the database to AlloyDB for PostgreSQL by using Database Migration Service.

Migrate the database to Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL by using Database Migration Service.

Create a Compute Engine instance. Install and configure PostgreSQL on the instance, and migrate the database.

Question 96

Your application stores files on Cloud Storage by using the Standard Storage class. The application only requires access to files created in the last 30 days. You want to automatically save costs on files that are no longer accessed by the application. What should you do?

Options:

Create a retention policy on the storage bucket of 30 days, and lock the bucket by using a retention policy lock.

Enable object versioning on the storage bucket and add lifecycle rules to expire non-current versions after 30 days

Create an object lifecycle on the storage bucket to change the storage class to Archive Storage for objects with an age over 30 days.

Create a cron job in Cloud Scheduler to call a Cloud Functions instance every day to delete files older than 30 days.

Question 97

Your company is using Google Workspace to manage employee accounts. Anticipated growth will increase the number of personnel from 100 employees to 1.000 employees within 2 years. Most employees will need access to your company's Google Cloud account. The systems and processes will need to support 10x growth without performance degradation, unnecessary complexity, or security issues. What should you do?

Options:

Migrate the users to Active Directory. Connect the Human Resources system to Active Directory. Turn on Google Cloud Directory Sync (GCDS) for Cloud Identity. Turn on Identity Federation from Cloud Identity to Active Directory.

Organize the users in Cloud Identity into groups. Enforce multi-factor authentication in Cloud Identity.

Turn on identity federation between Cloud Identity and Google Workspace. Enforce multi-factor authentication for domain wide delegation.

Use a third-party identity provider service through federation. Synchronize the users from Google Workplace to the third-party provider in real time.

Question 98

Your organization is a financial company that needs to store audit log files for 3 years. Your organization has hundreds of Google Cloud projects. You need to implement a cost-effective approach for log file retention. What should you do?

Options:

Create an export to the sink that saves logs from Cloud Audit to BigQuery.

Create an export to the sink that saves logs from Cloud Audit to a Coldline Storage bucket.

Write a custom script that uses logging API to copy the logs from Stackdriver logs to BigQuery.

Export these logs to Cloud Pub/Sub and write a Cloud Dataflow pipeline to store logs to Cloud SQL.

Question 99

You are the project owner of a GCP project and want to delegate control to colleagues to manage buckets and files in Cloud Storage. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. Which IAM roles should you grant your colleagues?

Options:

Project Editor

Storage Admin

Storage Object Admin

Storage Object Creator

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